专业化还是多样化:数字化变革下的产业集聚模式研究

Specialization or Diversification: Research on Industrial Agglomeration Pattern under Digital Transformation

数字化变革通过影响资金外部性和技术外部性,对不同产业集聚模式的集聚效应产生影响。利用2011-2020年中国284个城市数据实证分析数字化变革对不同产业集聚模式的影响机理,结果表明:数字化变革对不同产业集聚模式的影响均呈现U型特征,不同规模城市在数字化变革下的产业集聚模式存在差异,小城市和大城市倾向于产业多样化,中等城市则倾向于产业专业化。鉴于此,各城市应继续加大数字基础设施建设力度,提升产业供给层面的数字化程度;不同规模城市应当基于自身发展水平和数字化程度,因地制宜地选择集聚模式,小城市不能过度专业化,中等城市应避免盲目多样化,大城市则应强化多样化。

Digital transformation affects the agglomeration effect of different industrial agglomeration patterns by affecting capital externality and technology externality. Using the data of Chinese cities from 2011 to 2020, this paper empirically studies the relevant mechanism. The results show that the impact of digital transformation on different industrial agglomeration patterns presents U-shaped characteristics. There are differences in industrial agglomeration patterns in cities of different sizes under digital transformation. Small and large cities tend to industrial diversification, while medium-sized cities tend to industrial specialization. In view of this, cities should continue to increase the construction of digital infrastructure and improve the digitization of industrial supply level. Cities of different sizes should choose the agglomeration pattern according to local conditions based on their own development level and digitization degree. Small cities should not be over specialized, medium-sized cities should avoid blind diversification, and large cities should strengthen the advantages of diversification.