顶空固相微萃取-GC/MS法分析栝楼瓤的香气成分

Analysis of volatile compounds of the pulp of Trichosanthes kirilowii by Headspace solid phase microextraction and GC/MS

目的通过测定栝楼瓤原液和干燥后的果瓤颗粒的香气成分,比较栝楼瓤干燥前、后香气成分的差异,探究瓜蒌药材特征的焦糖气组成成分。方法采集新鲜栝楼,取其瓤液,用真空干燥方法干燥栝楼瓤,采用顶空固相微萃取-气质联用法测定未干燥和干燥后栝楼瓤的香气成分。结果从干燥前、后的栝楼瓤液中共检测出15种挥发性香气物质,其中,从新鲜栝楼瓤液中鉴定出挥发性香气物质4种,从干燥栝楼瓤液颗粒中鉴定出挥发性香气物质13种,二者共有香气组分2种(2,3-丁二酮、正戊醇)。结论栝楼瓤干燥前、后的风味和香气组成差异较大,其焦糖气味可能由异丁醛、2,3-丁二酮、2-甲基丁醛、正戊醇、异戊醇、4-羟基丁酸内酯等6种成分组成。

OBJECTIVE To determine the aroma components of the pulp of Trichosanthes kirilowii before and after drying,and to compare their aroma components and study the caramel gas composition of Trichosanthis Fructus.METHODS Some of the pulp of T.kirilowii was dried by vacuum drying,and the fresh pulp was kept in the refrigerator.The volatiles of them were determined by Headspace solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.RESULTS A total of 15 volatile aroma compounds were detected from the pulp of T.kirilowii before and after drying,4 kinds of volatile aroma compounds were identified from the fresh pulp of T.kirilowii,and 13 kinds of volatile aroma compounds were identified from the dried pulp of T.kirilowii.They had two identical aroma components,2,3-butanedione and n-pentanol.CONCLUSION The flavor and aroma components of T.kirilowii pulp before and after drying are quite different.The caramel gas of the dried pulp may be composed of isobutyraldehyde,2,3-butanedione,2-methylbutyraldehyde,n-pentanol,isopentanol and 4-hydroxy butyrolactone.