宋代文化自信的重建:蜀版大藏经的刊刻及影响

Rebuilding the Cultural Confidence in the Song Dynasty-the Carving-Printing and the Influence of the Great Tripitaka Edited in Shu

藏经是佛教的重要载体,唐中后期至北宋初,当中原与江南“教藏灭绝,几至不传”时蜀中却得以大量保存。北宋初《蜀版大藏经》雕板的完成改变了佛经流通主要靠传抄或零星刻印的历史,改变了邻国对中国的态度,可以说这是中国历史上最重要的一次文化自信重建,对世界产生了巨大影响。今天看到的所有“大藏经”都或多或少与蜀版大藏经有关联,《蜀版大藏经》经文在蜀中流通的时代正是川渝石窟和摩崖造像雕刻的高峰期,云南佛教和佛教艺术之来源也主要是西蜀。

The Great Tripitaka is the important carrier of Buddhism.From the mid&late Tang Dynasty to the early Northern Song Dynasty during which the Buddhist scriptures were exterminated and the inheritance was nearly stopped in the Central Plain and the regions of Jiangnan.However,a large number of the scriptures were preserved in the region of Shu.In the beginning years of the Northern Song Dynasty,the fulfillment of carving the Great Tripitaka changed the historical ways of spreading the Buddhist scriptures relying on copying or sporadically carving and printing.And it also changed the neighboring reigns’attitudes to the Northern Song Dynasty.Actually,it’s the most important rebuilding of cultural confidence in Chinese history and it greatly influenced the world.The Great Tripitaka we see today concerns with the Shu version more or less.The spreading era of the scriptures from the Great Tripitaka of Shu version is also the peak of carving Buddhists’images in stone caverns and on cliffs in the regions of Ba and Shu.And West Shu area is also the main origin of Yunnan’s Buddhism and the Buddhist arts.