政府数据的权属确认

Confirmation of the Ownership of the Government Data

政府数据权属的确认对于政府数据共享具有前提性功能,政府数据共享对于服务型政府的建设具有基础性意义。推行政府数据共享的工作面临着政府数据共享主体的多元性、政府数据权属的确认原则简单划一、对政府数据共享缺乏共识等困境,究其本质是由于政府数据的权属确定不清和部门利益化。为了更好地破解政府数据共享的难题,可以根据政府数据的属性,分类明确政府数据共享主体,并基于政府数据的类型采用不同的确权原则。通过制定政府数据权属清单,即禁止共享清单、受限共享清单、无条件共享清单,优化政府数据分类分级归属,明确政府数据的所有权、管辖权及使用权等数据权益问题,树立政府数据共享发展理念,实现对不同类型政府数据的权利归属确认。

The confirmation of government data ownership has a prerequisite function for government data sharing, which is of fundamental significance for the construction of a service-oriented government. The implementation of government data sharing is faced with difficulties in the multiple subjects of government data sharing, the simplified unitary confirmation principle of government data ownership, and the lack of consensus on government data sharing. Its essence is unclear ownership of government data and departmental benefits. In order to better solve the problems in government data sharing, the subject of government data sharing can be classified according to the attributes of government data, and different principles of government data right confirmation can be adopted based on the types of government data. It is proposed that the confirmation of ownership over different types of government data should be realized through making government data ownership lists, namely, the prohibited sharing, the restricted sharing, the unconditional sharing list, optimizing government data classification, specifying the rights and interests over government data ownership, jurisdiction and the right to use, etc., and establishing the developmental concept of government data sharing.