免疫疫苗预防反复发作尿路感染的研究进展

Research progress of immune vaccines in the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections

尿路感染(UTI)是最常见的感染性疾病之一,具有复发率高、病程迁延等特点。目前,抗生素的耐药性问题日益严重,不良反应发生率较高,长期应用的弊端明显,给反复发作尿路感染(rUTI)的治疗带来了严峻挑战,防治UTI复发成为研究的重点。rUTI与机体的免疫调控机制有关,开展免疫调节可以为防治提供新的思路。基于免疫调节预防rUTI的疫苗已经取得一定进展,不仅能减少复发的次数,还能减轻相关症状。同时,疫苗的耐受性较好,安全性较高,有良好的应用前景。本文对免疫调节和免疫疫苗的体内实验和临床研究进展进行综述。

Urinary tract infection(UTI)is one of the most common infectious diseases.It has the characteristics of high recurrence rate and prolonged course.At present,the problem of antibiotic resistance is becoming more and more serious,the incidence of adverse reactions is high,and the disadvantages of long-term administration appear,which brings severe challenges to the treatment of recurrent urinary tract infection.The prevention and treatment of UTI recurrence has become the focus of research.Recurrent urinary tract infection is related to the immune regulation mechanism of the body.Administration of immune regulation can provide new ideas for prevention and treatment.The vaccine based on immune regulation to prevent rUTI has made some progress.It can not only reduce the frequency of recurrences,but also decrease related symptoms.At the same time,the vaccine has good tolerance,high safety and good application prospect.This paper aims to summarize the progress of immune regulation and immune vaccines in vivo and clinical research.