乡村人才使用效率时空分异与动态演进——基于安徽地市层面的经验考察

Spatial-temporal Differentiation and Dynamic Evolution of Using Efficiency of Rural Talents:Based on the Experience of Anhui Prefecture Level

考察乡村人才使用效率的分异特征与演进趋势对乡村人才振兴具有重要借鉴。基于2001—2019年安徽16个地市面板数据,构建了两阶段DEA-Malmquist模型,测度安徽乡村人才使用效率,并采用Dagum基尼系数、核密度估计、Markov链等方法揭示其时空特征及动态演进。结果发现:安徽乡村人才使用效率总体较高,呈现“M型”波动式上升趋势,快速成长期的效率增速高于提升振兴期,其中皖南效率最高。乡村人才使用效率的总体差距呈现波动式下降态势,地区间差距是总体差距的最主要来源,其中皖南-皖北地区间的差距最大。核密度估计和Markov链分析表明,乡村人才使用效率具有较强的流动性,各地乡村人才使用效率的状态转移速度与时递减;考虑空间相邻效应时,各地乡村人才使用效率跨等级的流动性加快,但低水平地区与相邻地区的空间关联性与时衰减。

Investigating the differentiation characteristics and evolution trend of using efficiency of rural talents has important reference for the revitalization of rural talents.Based on the panel data of 16 cities in Anhui from 2001 to 2019,this paper constructs a two-stage DEA-Malmquist model to measure the using efficiency of rural talents in Anhui,and uses dagum Gini coefficient,kernel density and Markov chain to reveal its spatial-temporal characteristics and dynamic evolution.The results show that the using efficiency of rural talents in Anhui is generally high,showing an"M-type"fluctuating upward trend.The efficiency growth rate in the rapid growth period is higher than that in the promotion and revitalization period,and the efficiency in southern Anhui is the highest.The overall disparity of the using efficiency shows a fluctuating downward trend.The regional disparity is the most important source,with the largest disparity between Southern Anhui and Northern Anhui.The kernel density estimation and Markov chain analysis show that the using efficiency of rural talents has strong mobility,with the transition speed decreasing with time.When considering the spatial adjacency effect,the crossing-grade mobility of the using efficiency is accelerated,but the spatial correlation between low-level areas and adjacent areas is attenuated.