普洛斯彼罗是谁?——作为政治剧、殖民剧和基督教人文主义剧的《暴风雨》

Who Is Prospero:The Tempest as a Political,Colonial and Christian Humanism Drama

对《暴风雨》中“普洛斯彼罗是谁?”的问题,莎士比亚处处伏笔,却始终没有抛出答案,这令后世无数学者纷纷猜测。它让《暴风雨》主题扑朔迷离的同时,又让其成为一部包罗万象的社会历史剧,有无数种解读的可能性。深究之下,普洛斯彼罗并不捆绑于某一特定身份,它集詹姆士一世、约翰·迪和莎士比亚为一身,从而让本剧融合了政治剧、殖民剧和基督教人文主义剧的色彩,镜像折射了当时国内君主专制制度、国外航海殖民事实及基督教人文主义社会思潮的历史背景。

Shakespeare implies“Who is Prospero”everywhere without any definite answers,which leaves later scholars in constant speculations.Because of this,the themes of The Tempest grow more complicated and the drama becomes a comprehensive societal history drama with the possibilities of countless interpretations.This paper reveals that Prospero is not confined to one specific identity,but integrates James I,John Dee and Shakespeare all into one.Accordingly,The Tempest mirrors absolute monarchy,maritime colonization,and Christian Humanism in England at that time.