长征时期中国共产党民族平等思想的实践

CPC’s Practice of Ethnic Equality during the Long March

民族平等是中国共产党民族理论与政策的核心,是中国特色解决民族问题的精髓所在。长征时期是中国共产党首次大规模深入民族地区,也是中国共产党民族平等思想从理论走向实践的开端和重要历程。因此,长征时期中国共产党如何践行民族平等思想,不但是党史的重要组成部分,也是中国共产党民族政策形成与发展的关键历程,更是中华民族的珍贵历史遗产。本文通过分析中国共产党民族平等思想的具体体现和实践过程,勾勒长征时期中国共产党民族平等思想的演进路径,总结中国共产党民族平等思想的实践经验,为新时代铸牢中华民族共同体意识提供历史参考。

The Long March period is an important practice period for the Communist Party of China(CPC)to go deep into ethnic areas on a large scale for the first time.This period indeed has shown to be a vital shaping period for the People s Republic of China s ethnic policy,and an important development period for the Chinese national community for transitioning from a self-being entity to a self-conscious entity,and for the development of community consciousness from formation to popularity.Moreover,equality is the core of the CPC s ethnic theory and policy,and it is also considered as the essence of a right approach for dealing with ethnic problems with Chinese characteristics.As a result,it is of great historical and practical significance to concentrate on the practice of the CPC s ethnic-equality thought during the Long March,analyze the concrete implementation process of Chinese national community consciousness during this critical period,reproduce the evolution path of a hands-on adaptation of Marxist national theory to the Chinese context from practice and summarize the CPC s central role and historical experience.On the one hand,Marxist national thought was practiced in the CPC s thought of ethnic equality during the Long March,and on the other hand,these facts profoundly changed the historical process and cultivated a sense of community for the Chinese nation.Simultaneously,CPC s thought of ethnic equality has realized the adaptation of Marxism to the Chinese context in the long March practice as well as during the process of considering the Chinese conditions.The concept of ethnic equality began to take shape during the early days of the Long March.At this time,ethnic policy was based on the agrarian revolution and armed resistance to Kuomintang warlords,and ethnic equality was also practiced within this framework.However,the unique historical context determined that the Red Army s ethnic equality thought in this period had certain limitations and was only temporary.Documentation demonstrates that toward the end of the Long March,the CPC s thought of ethnic equality had gradually matured in practice.Literature in this period embodies not only the theoretical meaning of ethnic equality but also the specific implementation processes.There is not only an outline of ethnic policy but there are also the practical ways summarized as a result of seeking truth from facts.This can be considered as a symbol of the CPC s gradual maturation of ethnic equality thought during the Long March.The achievements,insights,and historical experience of ethnic equality practice of the CPC during the Long March could be summarized as follows:First,only by adhering to the leadership of the CPC and Marxist ethnic thinking can we fully oppose exploitation and oppression and achieve true ethnic equality.Only the CPC can ground itself in reality,continuously and deeply practice Marxist national equality thought,promote the adaption of Marxist national equality thought to the Chinese context,and devise a correct path of resolving ethnic problems with Chinese characteristics.Second,practicing ethnic equality,uniting the upper class of ethnic minorities,and gaining the support of ethnic peoples are critical factors for the Red Army s Long March victory.Third,the CPC s attempt at“regional ethnic autonomy”during the Long March period served as the blueprint for later“regional ethnic autonomy”.This paper deems the three points mentioned above to be essentially the core content and basic framework of the CPC s ethnic theory and policy.