郑州市某医院3272名体检人群甲状腺结节检出情况及影响因素

Detection of thyroid nodules and its influencing factors in 3272 physical examinees in a hospital in Zhengzhou

目的探讨健康体检人群的甲状腺结节检出情况及影响因素,为甲状腺疾病防治提供参考依据。方法选取2021年郑州市某医院行甲状腺超声检查且一般资料齐全的3272名体检者为研究对象。分析不同年龄组的甲状腺结节检出率及结节性质、大小等检出情况,并采用Logistic回归分析其影响因素。结果甲状腺结节的总体检出率34.32%,男性和女性的检出率分别为30.78%和41.12%,女性高于男性(P<0.05);随年龄增加,检出率呈增高趋势(P<0.05),60岁以上年龄组检出率高于其他年龄组(P<0.05);囊性结节占62.15%,实性结节占31.26%,囊实性结节占6.59%;小结节占比达93.94%,50岁上年龄组大结节明显增多(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,女性和高龄是甲状腺结节发生的危险因素。与18~39岁组比较,50~59岁组(OR=2.111,95%CI:1.159~2.936),60~69岁组(OR=7.017,95%CI:3.907~12.606)患甲状腺结节风险高;与男性相比,女性(OR=1.515,95%CI:1.295~1.772)患甲状腺结节风险高。高血压、高空腹血糖、高胆固醇血症与甲状腺结节发生无相关(P>0.05)。结论临床工作中应注重女性和高龄人群的甲状腺结节筛查与管理。

Objective To explore the detection of thyroid nodules in healthy people and its influencing factors,so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of thyroid diseases.Methods A total of 3272 physical examinees who underwent thyroid ultrasound and had complete general data during physical examination in 2021 were selected as the study objects.The detection rate,nature and size of thyroid nodules in different age groups were analyzed,and the risk factors of thyroid nodules were analyzed by logistic regression.Results The overall detection rate of thyroid nodules was 34.32%,and the detection rates in men and women were 30.78%and 41.12%,respectively.The detection rate in women was higher than that in men(P<0.05).With the increase of age,the detection rate of thyroid nodules increased(P<0.05),and the detection rate in over 60 years old group was higher than that in other age groups(P<0.05).Cystic nodules,solid nodules,and cystic and solid nodules accounted for 62.15%,31.26%and 6.59%,respectively.The proportion of small nodules was 93.94%,and the number of large nodules in the group over 50 years old was significantly increased(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that women and older people were the risk factors of thyroid nodules.The thyroid nodule risk increased in the 50-59 years old group(OR=2.111,95%CI:1.159~2.936)and the 60-69 years old group(OR=7.017,95%CI:3.907~12.606)compared with the 18-39 years old group;women(OR=1.515,95%CI:1.295~1.772)had an increased risk of thyroid nodules than men.High blood pressure,high FPG,and high TC were not associated with thyroid nodule(P>0.05).Conclusion In clinical work,the screening and management of thyroid nodules in women and older people should be focused on.