以提高学生综合素质为目标的土力学课程教学改革

Teaching reform of soil mechanics course aiming at improving the students’comprehensive quality

对学生综合素质的培养是教育改革的重要目标,工科大学教师课堂教学不仅要提高学生的理论知识水平,培养学生的专业技能,而且应恰当地将价值观念、职业道德观念、专业法律观念等渗透到教学的每一个环节。以土力学课程为例,结合当地工程项目,通过选用身边的案例使学生参与其中,启发学生在工程现象中找到理论支撑,将土力学的理论知识应用于解决工程实际问题过程,从而深刻理解有关计算方法中所做假设的理论基础,体会工程问题与科学问题之间的本质联系;充分发挥教师科研优势,将数值模拟方法引入课堂,将复杂的土体透明化,能够观察内部应力、变形和渗流的发展过程,增强理论知识直观性和生动性;通过建立合适的数值分析模型,加强课本中知识点之间的联系,使学生将前后知识融会贯通,不仅知其果,还能知其因,在学生参与的案例教学中发掘课堂思政元素,培养学生专业自豪感、社会责任感和科学求实精神,从多方面培养专业素质高、实践能力强、有责任、有担当的综合型人才。

The cultivation of students’comprehensive quality is an important goal of educational reform.The classroom teaching in engineering universities should not only improve students’theoretical knowledge level and cultivate their professional skills,but also appropriately infiltrate values,professional ethics,and professional legal concepts into every link of teaching.Taking the soil mechanics course as an example,in combination with local engineering projects,students are encouraged to find theoretical support in engineering phenomena by selecting cases around them,and apply the theoretical knowledge of soil mechanics to the process of solving practical engineering problems,so as to deeply understand the theoretical basis of assumptions made in relevant calculation methods and understand the essential relationship between engineering problems and scientific problems.Give full play to teachers’scientific research advantages,introduce numerical simulation methods into the classroom,make the complex soil transparent,observe the development process of internal stress,deformation and seepage,and enhance the intuitive and vivid theoretical knowledge.By establishing an appropriate numerical analysis model,we can strengthen the connection between knowledge points in the textbook,so that we can not only know the results,but also know the causes,in the case teaching participated by students,explore the ideological and political elements in the classroom,cultivate students’sense of professional pride,social responsibility and scientific and realistic spirit,and cultivate comprehensive talents with high professional quality,strong practical ability and responsibility from various aspects.