基于旅游卫星账户的我国旅游业碳排放核算研究

Research on Carbon Emission Accounting of Tourism Industry in China Based on Tourism Satellite Accounts

长期以来,我国在核算旅游业增加值和旅游业对国民经济贡献时,并未将碳排放因素纳入核算范畴,因此,对旅游碳排放的研究对推动低碳和绿色旅游、实现“双碳”目标具有重要意义。运用简捷法研究与测算我国旅游业直接碳排放,结果显示,我国2017年旅游业直接碳排放为140.71Mt(百万吨),占全社会能源碳排放的1.25%。在旅游业直接碳排放中,交通运输业的碳排放占比最高,占61.4%,其次是餐饮业占12.5%,旅游活动占12.1%,住宿占11.1%。2017年我国旅游业碳排放造成环境污染的直接和间接的经济损失达192.90亿元,占当年GDP的0.024%。研究结果为旅游业落实“双碳”责任提供数据支撑,并赋予旅游卫星账户绿色特征。

The carbon emission factor has not been included in the accounting of the added value of tourism and the contribution of tourism to the national economy for a long time in China.Therefore,the research on tourism carbon emissions is of great significance for promoting low-carbon and green tourism and achieving the goal of“double carbon”.The simple method is employed to study and calculate the direct carbon emissions of China's tourism industry.The results show that the direct carbon emissions of China's tourism industry in 2017 were 140.7 Mt(million tons),accounting for 1.25%of the total social energy carbon emissions.Among the direct carbon emissions of tourism,the transportation industry accounted for 61.4%,being the biggest proportion,followed by catering industry accounting for 12.5%,tourism activities accounting for 12.1%,and accommodation accounting for 11.1%.In 2017,the direct and indirect economic losses of environmental pollution caused by carbon emissions in China's tourism industry reached 19.29 billion yuan,accounting for 0.024%of GDP at that time.The research results provide data support for the tourism industry to implement the"double carbon"responsibility,and endow the tourism satellite account with green characteristics.