金陵修史与明初都城文坛的建构

The Revision of History in Jinling and the Initial Formation of the Literary World in the Capital of the Early Ming Dynasty

元末割据政权林立,江南地区的文人们无法像前辈们那样跨区域漫游,广泛结交异地师友,更新创作理念和提升创作水准。洪武初年,朱元璋打破了唐宋两朝以朝官为正史纂修主体的传统,征召三十余名江南地区的知识精英赶赴金陵修撰《元史》。这群修史文人得以摆脱原有的地域限制,在首次作为大一统汉家王朝都城的金陵相聚,自由地进行思想、学术与文艺的交流,实现了婺州、吴中与大都三大文人群的融通和各区域文人群的内部整合,拓宽了自己的胸怀、视野和审美。修史文人们也积极组织与参与雅集、送别、题序等各种文学活动,创作出一批高水平的文学作品,并提出满足政权需要的文学理论,初步完成了都城文坛的建构。

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty,there were many different regimes,the literati in the Jiangnan area could not roam across the region as their predecessors had done,making extensive friendship with friends and teachers in different places to update their creative ideas and raise their creative standards.In the early years of Hongwu,Zhu Yuanzhang broke the tradition of the Tang and Song Dynasties,in which the main body of history was compiled by court officials,and recruited more than thirty intellectual elites from the Jiangnan region to go to Jinling to compile the History of Yuan.They were able to get rid of the original geographical restrictions and meet in Jinling,which was the capital of the great unified Han Dynasty for the first time,to freely exchange ideas,academics and literature,to realize the integration of the three major literary groups in Wuzhou,Wuzhong and Dadu and the internal integration of the literary groups in each region,and to broaden their bosom,vision and aesthetics.The literati who cultivate history also actively organized and participated in various literary activities such as elegant gatherings,farewells,and inscriptions,and created a number of high-level literary works,and proposed literary theories to meet the reality of the new dynasty,and initially completed the construction of the literary world of the capital.