数字营商环境评价指标体系构建与实证测评

Construction and Empirical Study of Digital Business Environment Evaluation Index System

文章从数字营商环境内涵出发,基于“数字空间”建设和数字赋能传统营商环境要素两个方面,构建我国数字营商环境评价指标体系,并采用主成分分析、Dagum基尼系数分解和fsQCA组态分析法,测评与分析了我国31个省份数字营商环境水平与差异,探讨了实现高数字营商环境的路径。结果显示:我国数字营商环境水平呈现“东部>全国>中部>西部”且高数字营商环境水平的省份主要集中于经济较发达地区的总体空间格局、“全国总体内部差异最大,东部大于西部,而中部最均衡”的区域内部空间差异特征、“东-西差距>东-中差距>中-西差距”的区域间空间差异特征,且区域间差异是总体差异的主要来源,同时各维度间存在明显不协调性;单个要素并不构成高数字营商环境产生的必要条件,但均存在瓶颈;存在实现高数字营商环境的不同路径,即数字政府主导下的数字市场驱动型、数字政府主导下的多维度协同驱动型以及依托数字基础设施建设的数字金融与法治驱动型,且数字化政务发展发挥着重要的主导作用,经济发达省份更倾向于多维度协同驱动。

Starting from the connotation of digital business environment, this paper is based on the two aspects of“digital space”construction and traditional business environment elements of digital empowerment to construct an evaluation index system of China’s digital business environment, and then uses principal component analysis, Dagum Gini coefficient decomposition and fsQCA configuration analysis method to evaluate and analyze the level and differences of digital business environment of 31provinces in China, and finally explores the path to achieving a high digital business environment. The results are shown go as below: The level of China’s digital business environment shows the overall spatial pattern of“the eastern region> the whole country>the central region > the western region”, and the provinces with high digital business environment level are mainly concentrated in more developed areas. The overall internal difference of the whole country is the largest;that of the east is larger than that of the west, and the central part is the most balanced. The characteristics of spatial differences between regions is“the east-west gap>the east-middle Gap>the middle-west gap”. Moreover, the interregional difference is the main source of the overall difference,and there is obvious incongruity among the dimensions. A single factor does not constitute the necessary conditions for the emergence of a high digital business environment, but there are bottlenecks. There are different ways to achieve a high digital business environment, that is, digital market driven under the leadership of digital government, multi-dimensional collaborative drive under the leadership of digital government, and digital finance and rule of law driven under digital infrastructure. The digitalization of government development plays an important leading role, and economically developed provinces are more inclined to multi-dimensional collaborative drive.