mTOR信号通路与子痫前期发病的相关性

The Relationship between mTOR Signaling Pathway and Preeclampsia

子痫前期(preeclampsia,PE)是临床常见的妊娠期特发性疾病,其病情变化呈动态性进展,临床表现多样化,病因机制迄今尚未完全阐明,主要认为与遗传因素、免疫因素、营养因素和环境因素等密切相关。近年有研究表明,哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mammalian target of rapamycin,mTOR)信号通路通过调控细胞增殖、侵袭、迁移和凋亡能力,参与胎盘滋养细胞与血管内皮细胞活性的调节,且胰岛素信号通过激活mTOR信号通路启动下游分子调节细胞代谢,导致母体血管内皮损伤、子宫螺旋小动脉重构受损,以及炎症免疫反应异常等,参与PE的发生。通过探讨mTOR信号通路与PE发病的相关性,为PE的病理生理学研究及疾病的治疗提供理论基础。

Pre-eclampsia(PE)is a common clinical idiopathic pregnancy disease.Its condition changes dynamically,and its clinical manifestations are diversified.The etiology and mechanism have not been fully clarified so far.The main research results show that it is closely related to genetic factors,immune factors,nutritional factors and environmental factors.Recent studies have shown that the mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)signal pathway is involved in the regulation of placental trophoblast and vascular endothelial cell activity by regulating cell proliferation,invasion,migration and apoptosis,and insulin signal initiates downstream molecules to regulate cell metabolism by activating mTOR signal pathway,which leads to maternal vascular endothelial injury,damaged uterine spiral arteriole remodeling and abnormal inflammatory immune response,and so on,and participates in the occurrence of PE.The purpose of this review is to explore the correlation between mTOR signaling pathway and the pathogenesis of PE,and to provide theoretical basis for pathophysiological research and disease treatment of PE.