血清抗苗勒管激素在妊娠期多囊卵巢综合征患者中的研究进展

Research Progress of Serum Anti-Müllerian Hormone in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome during Pregnancy

多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)是女性常见的生殖内分泌紊乱性疾病,而血清抗苗勒管激素(anti-Müllerian hormone,AMH)作为评估卵巢储备功能指标,广泛应用于PCOS的评估、诊断和治疗等方面。随着对AMH研究的日益深入,AMH在PCOS患者妊娠期的研究取得了一定进展。妊娠期AMH降低,且随着妊娠进展呈现波动变化,并与雄激素存在一定的相关性。AMH可作为预测PCOS患者早产的候选因子,为PCOS患者妊娠期管理提供新思路。此外,高AMH的宫内环境可能对PCOS孕妇子代早期健康产生不良影响。PCOS患者妊娠后面临妊娠期并发症的挑战,AMH能更好地保护PCOS孕妇的母胎健康,在产科领域有着广泛的应用前景。综述PCOS患者妊娠期AMH变化、AMH与雄激素的关系、AMH与早产的相关性以及子代AMH情况的研究进展。

Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is a common reproductive endocrine disorder in women,and serum antiMüllerian hormone(AMH),as a new indicator for evaluating ovarian reserve,is widely used in the evaluation,diagnosis and treatment of PCOS.With the development of the research on AMH,the research of AMH of PCOS patients during pregnancy has made some progress.It is found that AMH decreases during pregnancy and fluctuates as pregnancy progresses.There is a certain correlation between AMH and androgens during pregnancy of PCOS patients.AMH can be used as a candidate factor for predicting preterm birth in PCOS patients,and provides new ideas and methods for the management of PCOS patients during pregnancy.In addition,it should be noted that the intrauterine environment with high AMH may be an adverse interfering factor in the early life of the offspring of pregnant women with PCOS.PCOS patients belong to a high-risk pregnancy group after pregnancy and face the challenges of various complications during pregnancy.Furthermore,AMH can better guard the maternal and fetal health of PCOS pregnant women,and has broad application prospects in the field of obstetrics.This article focuses on gestation period of PCOS patients and reviews the changes of AMH during pregnancy,the relationship between AMH and androgen,the correlation between AMH and preterm birth,and the condition of AMH in offspring.