从对立世界到相互嵌入:中国情境下的“社区与社会”

From Hostile Worlds to Mutual Embedding:“Community and Society”in the Chinese Context

“社区与社会”是社会学的经典议题,其中包含着类型学和进化论两种分析视角,最终也形成了关于社区命运的争议。但是,这个经典议题的理论局限在于其分析是基于一种二元对立的世界观,同时忽视了中国式现代化视域下“社区与社会”关系的呈现方式和意涵必然有不同表现与可能。在总体性社会解体以后,关于中国情境下的“社区与社会”议题需要强调两个重要问题:思考共同体如何从总体性社会释放的空间中不断被生产出来;从实践社会学立场出发,观察行动者如何处理与权力和市场的复杂关系,如何从这种相互交织而非对立世界中选择性建构自己的生活共同体。

The“community and society”is a classic topic of sociology,which contains two analytical perspectives of typology and evolutionism,and eventually forms a dispute about the fate of communities.However,the theoretical limitation of this topic is its view of“hostile worlds”.Besides,it ignores the different manifestations and possibilities of the presentation and meaning of the relationship between“community and society”under the perspective of Chinese modernization.After the disintegration of the totalized society,two important issues need to be emphasized on the topic of“community and society”in the Chinese context:thinking about how the community can be produced continuously the space released by the totalized society;from the standpoint of practical sociology,observing how actors deal with the complex relationship with power and market,and how they selectively build their own living community from this mutual embedding rather than hostile worlds.