2017—2020年江西省15~69岁居民健康素养水平变化趋势及其影响因素分析

The trend of health literacy and its influencing factors among residents aged from 15-69 in Jiangxi Province from 2017 to 2020

目的分析江西省居民健康素养水平、变化趋势及其相关影响因素,为进一步提高健康素养水平,制定针对性的干预策略和卫生政策提供理论依据。方法本研究采用分层多阶段抽样,于江西省范围内非集体居住的15~69岁常住人口进行平板问卷入户调查。以2017—2020年江西省健康素养监测数据为依据,基于复杂抽样分析居民健康素养水平变化趋势及其影响因素。结果经加权调整,2017—2020年江西省居民健康素养水平分别为13.31%、16.77%、19.85%和23.73%,呈上升趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=14.21,P<0.05)。基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为,以及基本技能三方面素养水平的4年累计增长量分别为11.59%、10.03%和8.49%,且均呈上升趋势(P<0.05)。居民健康素养水平呈现城市高于农村,年轻人高于老年人,文化程度越高素养水平越高的特点。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,以2017—2020年江西省居民健康素养水平逐年升高,2020年素养水平更高(OR=1.276,95%CI:1.119~1.455),以65~69岁年龄组为参照,35~44岁年龄组居民的健康素养水平更高(OR=2.437,95%CI:1.744~3.407),以不识字/少识字者为参照,大专/本科及以上文化程度者健康素养水平更高(OR=33.894,95%CI:18.837~60.870)。结论江西省居民健康素养水平呈稳步上升趋势,老年人和文化程度较低者是健康促进工作的重点人群,社会应群策群力提高健康素养水平,促进全民健康。

Objective To analyze the level of health literacy among residents in Jiangxi Province,as well as its trend and influencing factors,and to provide theoretical basis for raising the level of health literacy and the targeted intervention strategy and health policy.Methods Household survey was carried out with tablet computers among residents aged from 15-69 in Jiangxi Province by using multi-stage stratified sampling.The trend of health literacy and its influencing factors were analyzed by complex sampling methods based on the data of surveillance of health literacy from 2017 to 2020.Results After adjusted for gender and age,the levels of health literacy were 13.31%,16.77%,19.85%and 23.73%in Jiangxi from 2017 to 2020,showing a uptrend(P<0.05).Three aspects of health literacy including basic knowledge and concept,healthy lifestyle and behaviors,and basic skills went the similar situation,whose 4-year cumulative increment were respectively 11.59%,10.03%,and 8.49%.As shown in the study,the level of health literacy in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas,so was the young than the elderly and persons with higher education than the lower.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the health literacy level of residents in Jiangxi Province was increasing compared with 2019(OR=1.276,95%CI:1.119-1.455).Taking the 65-69 age group as the reference,the health literacy level of residents in the 35-44 age group was higher(OR=2.437,95%CI:1.744-3.407).Taking the illiterate/less literate group as the reference,the health literacy level of those with college/bachelor degree or above was higher(OR=33.894,95%CI:18.837-60.870).Conclusion A steady upward trend of the level of health literacy was found in Jiangxi Province,and the elderly and those with low education were suggested to be paid more attention in health promotion.Concerted efforts should be made from whole society to promote health literacy and contribute health for all.