婴幼儿看护人睡眠认知和养育行为的现状及一致性研究

Prevalence and agreement on sleep related cognition and parenting behaviors among caregivers of infants and toddlers

目的了解婴幼儿看护人睡眠认知和养育行为的现状及其一致性。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法,于2019年7—11月在6市社区和乡镇对婴幼儿看护人进行问卷调查,共1213例问卷纳入分析,采用χ2检验、Kappa系数分析睡眠认知和睡眠养育行为的特征及一致性。结果在认知层面,看护人中76.8%认为应该让孩子独自入睡,60.9%认为与家人同屋单独小床最有利孩子睡眠,75.8%认为最佳夜醒处理方式是观察几分钟再处理。农村地区、家庭月收入≤5000元、大学/大专以下文化程度、(外)祖父母、1岁以下婴儿的看护人睡眠认知相对较差(P<0.05)。在实际养育时,让孩子独自入睡、与家人同屋单独小床睡眠和夜醒后观察几分钟再处理的比例分别为26.2%、22.2%和54.2%。看护人在入睡方式、睡床方式和夜醒处理方式上的认知和养育行为之间的Kappa系数分别为0.193、0.131和0.419。结论多数看护人对婴幼儿睡眠有正确认知,但个体差异较大,且养育行为与认知之间一致性较差。

Objective To determine the prevalence and agreement on sleep related cognition and parenting behaviors among caregivers of infants and toddlers.Methods From July to November 2019,a questionnaire survey was conducted among caregivers of infants and toddlers from communities and townships in 6 cities with multi-stage random sampling method.A total of 1213 questionnaires were included in the analysis.χ2 test and Kappa were used to analyze the characteristics and agreement of sleep related cognition and parenting behaviors.Results On the cognitive level,76.8%of caregivers believed that child should fall asleep in bed alone,60.9%regarded room-sharing without bed-sharing as the best location for child to sleep,and 75.8%believed that the best response to night wakings was waiting a few minutes before response.Caregivers living in rural areas,with monthly family income≤5000 RMB,having university/college degree or below,being grandparents,and infants under 1 year old had poorer sleep cognition(P<0.05).In the practice of parenting,the proportion of children falling asleep in bed alone,sleeping room-sharing without bed-sharing,and response waiting for few minutes after night wakings were 26.2%,22.2%,and 54.2%,respectively.The Kappa coefficients between the cognition and parenting behaviors on sleep initiation methods,sleep location and response to night wakings were 0.193,0.131 and 0.419,respectively.Conclusion Most caregivers have correct cognition on infants and toddlers’sleep,but individual differences were large,and the agreement between parenting behaviors and cognition was poor.