个体与国家:南京大屠杀前后难民的民族情感探微

Individuals v.s.Nation:A Probe into Refugees’ National Sentiment around the Nanjing Massacre

南京沦陷前夕,面对日军的入侵,留守的难民们普遍感到焦虑和恐慌,但部分难民并未意识到这场战争与自身的关联,有不少人甚至还存在侥幸心理。南京沦陷后,日军惨无人道的暴行打破了难民的侥幸心理,给难民带来深刻的恐惧和痛苦,还使难民感到愤怒和屈辱。面对暴行,为谋求生存,难民们萌生了团结互助、一致对外的情感共同体。生存的困境使难民们认识到国家的重要性,催化了难民的民族情感,不过这种民族情感因难民个体的文化程度和生存环境的不同而有所差异。

On the eve of the fall of Nanjing,the refugees left behind generally feel anxious and panic towards the invasion of the Japanese army,but most of them did not realize the relevance of war with themselves,many even had a fluke mind.After the fall of Nanjing,the atrocities by the Japanese army brought profound fear and pain to the refugees,and made them angry and humiliated.The refugees initiated a shared community of sentiment and helped one another to survive and fight against the Japanese army.They realized the importance of the nation with their national sentiment further catalyzed.However,this national sentiment varies with the different educational background and living environment of refugee individuals.