抗战时期晋绥边区的“二流子”改造运动

The “loafer” Transformation Movement in the Shanxi-Suiyuan Border Area during the War of Resistance against Japan

全面抗战时期中国共产党在晋绥边区开展的“二流子”改造运动,既是中共加强抗日根据地基层社会治理、增加农业生产的一大措施,亦是在革命话语下动员民众改变陋习、洗涤封建残留的一次尝试。加强对“二流子”的改造,在一定程度上减少了“二流子”对根据地乡村社会的侵扰,增加了农村生产的劳动力,减轻了普通民众的负担。然而“二流子”改造运动中也出现了一些问题,即改造过程中“二流子”范围的扩大化,以及过度“怀柔”。这都显示出“二流子”改造是一个长期而艰巨的工程,它不仅改变着“二流子”这一社会群体的命运,亦改变着传统乡村社会的管理模式。而现代政党权力的强力干预,更使得传统乡村社会的治理模式迅速向现代化方向转型。

During the total war of resistance against Japan,the Communist Party of China carried out the “loafer” transformation movement in the Shanxi-Suiyuan Border Area,which was not only a great measure to strengthen the primary-level social governance in the base area of the resistance against Japan,and to increase the agricultural production,but also an attempt to change the bad habits and eliminate the influence of feudalism under the background of revolution.The transformation movement to some extent reduced the intrusion from “loafers” to the rural society,increased the rural labor force,and lessened the burden on the masses.However,there were some problems in this movement,i.e.broadening the definition of “loafers” and excessive leniency in some cases.It’s shown that the transformation of loafers was a long-term and arduous project,which changed not only the fate of the social group of loafers,but also the management mode of traditional rural society.The powerful intervention of the modern political party made the governance mode of the traditional rural society rapidly transit to the direction of modernization.