感知学校气氛与学习倦怠:链式中介效应分析

The Perception of School Climate and Learning Burnout:Analysis of Chain Mediating Effect

目的:探讨心理韧性和自我控制在小学生感知学校气氛和学习倦怠之间的链式中介作用。方法:2021年通过整群随机抽样法,采用青少年学习倦怠量表(Learning Burnout Inventory for Adolescents)、感知学校气氛量表(Perceived School Climate Scale)、心理韧性量表(Resilience Scale for Chinese adolescents)、自我控制量表(Brief Self-Control Scale)对569名小学生进行问卷调查。结果:(1)小学生感知学校气氛、心理韧性与自我控制两两之间呈显著正相关,且三者均与学习倦怠呈显著负相关。(2)感知学校气氛可以通过心理韧性、自我控制、心理韧性和自我控制的中介链来影响学习倦怠,其中中介效应占总效应的比例分别为48.673%、6.637%和29.646%。结论 :心理韧性和自我控制在小学生感知学校气氛与学习倦怠之间存在多重中介效应,通过提升小学生感知学校气氛的水平可以作用于其心理韧性和自我控制,进而影响其学习倦怠。这对于引导小学生培养良好的心理素质及自律性,减少学习倦怠感具有一定的启示作用。

Objective: To investigate the chain mediating effect of resilience and self-control on the perception of school climate and learning burnout among primary school students. Methods: In 2021, a total of 569 primary school students, who were recruited by the cluster random sampling method, were surveyed with the Learning Burnout Inventory for Adolescents, the Perceived School Climate Scale, the Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents, and Brief Self-Control. Results:(1) There were significant positive correlations among the perception of school climate, resilience and self-control, and all of them were significantly negatively correlated with learning burnout.(2) The perception of school climate affected learning burnout through the chain mediation of resilience, selfcontrol, and resilience and self-control, accounting for 48.673%, 6.637% and 29.646% of the total effect, respectively. Conclusions: Resilience and self-control had multiple mediating effects between primary school students’ perception of school climate and learning burnout, and by improving the level of primary school students’ perception of school climate, their resilience and self-control can be influenced, thereby affecting learning burnout. This has a certain enlightening effect on guiding primary school students to cultivate good psychological quality and self-discipline performance to reduce learning burnout.