国外优秀蹦床运动员12003<动作技术生物力学分析

A Biomechanical Analysis of the“12003<”Movement Techniques of Overseas Elite Trampoline Athletes

12003<是屈体前空翻三周晚转540°的数字符号,为现阶段男子使用频率较高、难度价值最大的动作。本文采用SONYDSR-PD190P数字摄录一体机对2019年蹦床世界杯赛阿塞拜疆站男子决赛3名国外选手的12003<动作进行三维拍摄,通过dartfish10.0运动分析软件对录像进行解析,同时结合国际蹦床评分规则与生物力学原理进行评价与诊断。结果表明:(1)3名运动员触网瞬间入网技术相近,立臂技术差异性较大,岸大纪立臂技术不利于身体重心的稳定性;运动员入网角度合理,踩网蹬伸后身体姿势具有一定相似性,但运动员之间踩网效果差异性较大。(2)腾空阶段运动员各运动学参数共性与差异并存,髋角过大是运动员共性的问题;运动员展体技术完成较好,无技术错误扣分;汉查罗在直体下落阶段较早屈髋下落会产生0.1-0.3的扣分。(3)运动员转体技术完成较好,无技术错误扣分。岸大纪准备着网阶段的时空参数较差,不利于着网准备。

“12003<” is the number symbol for the piked front triple somersault with 540°twist. It is the most frequently used and most difficult movement for men at present. The SONYDSR-PD190 P digital camcorder was used to take three-dimensional shooting of the 12003< movements of the 3 players in the 2019 Trampoline World Cup Azerbaijan, and the video was analyzed through the dartfish10.0 motion analysis software, combined with the international trampoline scoring rules and the principles of biomechanics. The research results show that:(a) The three athletes have similar techniques of entering the net at the moment of touching the net, but the standing arm technique is quite different. Kishi Taiji’s standing arm technique is not conducive to the stability of the body’s center of gravity;the angle of the athletes entering the net is reasonable, and the body posture after stepping on the net and stretching is similar. However, the effect of stepping on the net varies greatly among athletes.(b) There are commonalities and differences in the kinematic parameters of athletes in the aerial stage. Excessive hip angle is a common problem for athletes. The athletes perform well in the extension technique, and there is no technical error. A drop of the hip will incur a deduction of 0.1-0.3.(c) The athlete’s turning technique is well completed, and there is no technical error deduction. The time and space parameters of Kishi Taiji in the preparation stage of the network are poor, which is not conducive to the preparation of landing on the net.