NICU住院早产儿家属心理需求、疾病不确定感对心理健康的影响

Effects of Psychological Needs and Disease Uncertainty on Mental Health of Hospitalized Premature Infants in NICU

目的探讨NICU住院早产儿家属心理需求、疾病不确定感对心理健康的影响。方法选取2020年1月至2021年12月收治的NICU住院早产儿家属80名作为研究对象,用随机数字表法将其分对照组和观察组,各40例,对照组接受常规护理,观察组根据其心理需求、疾病不确定感实施心理干预,比较两组患儿家属心理健康状况[焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)]、家属应对方式[简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)]、家属护理能力、护理满意度等。结果两组早产儿家属护理前SAS评分、SDS评分比较(P>0.05),护理后,观察组SAS评分、SDS评分低于对照组(P<0.05);两组早产儿家属护理前应对方式评分比较(P>0.05),护理后的积极应对评分有增高,而消极应对评分也有降低,且观察组幅度更大(P<0.05);观察组早产儿家属护理能力评分高于对照组(P<0.05);在护理满意度(95%vs80%),观察组更高(P<0.05)。结论临床根据NICU住院早产儿家属心理需求、疾病不确定感实施心理干预,可让其心理保持良好状态,提升其应对能力和护理能力。

Objective To explore the effects of psychological needs and disease uncertainty on mental health of hospitalized premature infants in NICU.Methods A total of 80 family members of premature infants hospitalized in NICU from January 2020 to December 2021 were selected as research subjects.They were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method,with 40 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing,and the observation group received psychological intervention according to their psychological needs and disease uncertainty.The mental health status of family members of children in the two groups were compared[SELF-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),self-rating depression Scale(SDS)],family coping style[Simple coping style Questionnaire(SCSQ)],family nursing ability,nursing satisfaction,etc.Results SAS score and SDS score were compared between the two groups before nursing(P>0.05).SAS score and SDS score of observation group were lower than control group after nursing(P<0.05).The scores of coping styles of the families of premature infants in the observation group were compared before nursing(P>0.05),and the scores of coping styles of the families of premature infants in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The scores of nursing ability in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The nursing satisfaction of 95%in the observation group was higher than 80%in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Psychological intervention based on the psychological needs and uncertainty of disease of hospitalized premature infants in NICU can keep them in a good psychological state and improve their coping ability and nursing ability.