义务教育统编语文教科书收词分析——基于与《义务教育常用词表(草案)》的比较

An Analysis of the Vocabulary in Chinese Language Textbooks for Compulsory Education--Based on the Comparison with Yiwu Jiaoyu Changyong Cibiao(Caoan)(《义务教育常用词表(草案)》)

《义务教育常用词表(草案)》首次为义务教育阶段现代汉语词汇教学提供了量化依据,对中小学语文教学具有权威指导意义。对义务教育统编语文教科书现代汉语词汇情况进行统计,并与《义务教育常用词表(草案)》进行比较,可以发现,义务教育统编语文教科书中名词占绝对优势,而《义务教育常用词表(草案)》中谓词更占优势;《义务教育常用词表(草案)》中有近27%的词语没有在教科书中出现,主要是三级词和四级词。上述统计比较,能够为义务教育统编语文教科书的修订、词汇教学提供针对性的建议:增加教科书中的熟语数量,提高第三、四学段文本的典雅度,区分名词、谓词、熟语三者的教学价值,运用义类系统开展词汇集中式教学。

Yiwu Jiaoyu Changyong Cibiao(Caoan)(《义务教育常用词表(草案)》)provides a quantitative basis for modern Chinese vocabulary teaching in the compulsory education stage for the first time,which has an authoritative guiding significance for Chinese language teaching in primary and secondary schools.After making statistics on the modern Chinese vocabulary in the compulsory education unified Chinese language textbooks and comparing it with Yiwu Jiaoyu Changyong Cibiao(Caoan)(《义务教育常用词表(草案)》),it can be found that nouns in the compulsory education unified Chinese language textbooks are absolutely dominant,while predicates in Yiwu Jiaoyu Changyong Cibiao(Caoan)(《义务教育常用词表(草案)》)are more dominant;Nearly 27%of the words in Yiwu Jiaoyu Changyong Cibiao(Caoan)(《义务教育常用词表(草案)》)do not appear in textbooks,mainly words of level 3 and level 4.Statistical comparison can provide targeted suggestions for the revision of compulsory education Chinese language textbooks and vocabulary teaching,Such as increasing the number of idioms in textbooks,improving the elegance of the third and fourth learning paragraphs,distinguishing the teaching value of nouns,predicates and idioms,and using the semantic system to carry out centralized vocabulary teaching.