全球海洋公域治理的难题和解决机制

The Governance on Global Marine Commons:A theoretical framework

全球海洋公域历经长久的自由与封闭之争,最终确定了全人类共同继承财产的定位。随着人类科技进步和利用海洋能力的提高,解决和预防海洋公域“公地悲剧”问题,建立公正合理的全球海洋公域治理体系,是国际社会的重大关切。本文总结全球海洋公域治理的要素,分析海洋公域治理的困境,认为全球海洋公域的有效治理,重点在于构建市场治理、政府治理及自主治理相结合的治理机制。

After a long struggle between open and closure,it is finally decided that the global marine commons are common heritages of all mankind. With the advancement of science and technology as well as the improvement of human’s ability to exploit the ocean,solving and preventing the“tragedy of the commons”in the marine commons and establishing a fair and reasonable global governance system for the marine commons become major concerns of the international community. This paper summarizes the key elements of global ocean commons governance,analyzes the predicaments in ocean commons governance,and proposes that the effective governance of global ocean commons should mainly focus on building a governance mechanism that combines market governance,government governance and autonomous governance.