福建省不同种源樟树表型性状多样性研究

Study on the phenotypic diversity of Cinnamomum camphora in Fujian Province

以福建省8个种源区的樟树为研究对象,采用方差分析、相关性分析、聚类分析方法,研究不同种源樟树叶片、果实、种子的表型性状多样性。结果表明:福建省不同种源樟树的叶片表型性状变异系数为10.74%~24.23%,其中叶面积的变异系数(24.23%)最大,其次为叶周长的(16.50%),再次为叶长的(15.71%)。果实和种子的表型性状中,百粒质量和体积的变异均较丰富,其变异系数均大于15.00%;其他表型性状的变异系数较小,离散程度较低。樟树表型性状的Shannon-wiener多样性指数在2.04~2.07之间,表明樟树的表型性状多样性较丰富。利用叶片、果实和种子的17个表型性状对福建省的樟树种源进行聚类分析,将8个樟树种源分为2类,一类的叶片大而厚,另一类的叶片小而薄。本研究可为福建省樟树良种选育及不同种源樟树表型性状的分子遗传机制研究提供参考。

Taking the Cinnamomum camphora samples from eight provenances in Fujian Province as the research objects,the phenotypic characters diversity of leaves,fruits and seeds of C.camphora were studied by means of analysis of variance,correlation analysisand cluster analysis.The variation coefficients of leaves phenotypic characters were 10.74%~24.23%among which the variation coefficient of leaf area was the highest(24.23%),followed by leaf perimeter(16.50%)and leaf length(15.71%).The variation of Hundred-grain weight and volume in phenotypic traits of fruits and seeds were abundance with the variation coefficient higher than 15.00%,while the other phenotypic characters with low dispersion degree.The Shannon-wiener diversity indexs of phenotypic characters of C.camphora were ranged from 2.04 and 2.07,and the phenotypic diversity of C.camphora was rich.Based on the 17 phenotypic characters of leaves,fruits and seeds,C.camphora from different provenances in Fujian Province were clustered into two groups,which included one group characterized with large-thick leaves and the other group characterized with small-thin leaves.This study provides a reference basis for the breeding of improved varieties of C.camphora in Fujian Province and the molecular genetic mechanism of phenotypic characters of C.camphora from different provenances.