森林生态系统不同碳库碳储量估算方法综述

A review of methods to estimate carbon storage of forest ecosystems

森林生态系统是陆地生态系统最大的碳库,在缓解全球气候变化方面具有不可替代的作用。准确估算森林生态系统碳储量已成为全球气候变化领域的研究重点,然而,不同的数据来源和估算方法导致森林碳储量估算结果差异较大。本研究针对森林生态系统碳库的3个主要组分(森林植被、森林土壤和森林地面凋落物),分别综述了各组分碳储量的估算方法及其优缺点。森林植被碳储量估算方法主要有基于森林资源清查数据、基于卫星遥感数据和基于机理模型3种;森林土壤碳储量估算方法有直接估算法(基于土壤类型和基于生态系统类型)和间接估算法(模型估算法和地理信息系统估算法)各2种;森林地面凋落物碳储量估算方法有基于生物量建模和基于机理建模2种。本研究为将来更准确估算森林生态系统碳汇量提供参考依据。

Forest ecosystem is the largest carbon pool in terrestrial ecosystems and plays a key role in mitigating global climate change.The accurately estimation on the carbon storages of forest ecosystems has become the focus of research in the field of global climate change.However,the diversity of data sources and estimation methods leads to difference in the estimation of forest carbon storage.Therefore,this study focused on the three main components of forest ecosystem carbon pool(forest vegetation,forest soil and forest floor),and summarized the methods of each component’s carbon storage estimation with their advantages and disadvantages.There are three methods for forest vegetation carbon storage estimation as inventory-based estimation,satellite-based estimation and process-based estimation.Forest soil carbon storage estimation includes two direct methods which based on soil type and life belt,and two indirect methods which based on ecosystem carbon cycle process modeling and on geographic information system(GIS)data processing.There are two methods including biomass modeling method and process-based modeling method for estimating carbon storage of forest floor.This study provides a reference for more accurate estimation of forest ecosystem carbon storage in the future.