2021年常态化防控下北京市儿童父母新型冠状病毒肺炎风险感知水平分析

Analysis on risk perception of COVID-19 among parents of children in Beijing under regular prevention and control of this disease in 2021

目的了解疫情常态化防控时期北京市儿童父母新型冠状病毒肺炎风险感知情况,并分析其影响因素。方法2021年11月采用自行设计的调查问卷,通过问卷星软件对北京市9个区36所幼儿园和18所小学的家长开展线上调查。调查主要内容为基本情况、新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情风险感知、新型冠状病毒肺炎防控知识及获取途径等。率的比较采用χ2检验,Logistic回归分析影响因素,检验水准α=0.05。结果收集问卷7746份,其中有效问卷7495份。儿童家长新型冠状病毒肺炎防控知识平均得分为(5.97±1.34)分;新冠疫情风险感知总分平均为(14.32±2.14)分。3.1%的调查对象非常赞同“自身感染新冠的可能性大”;40.9%的家长非常同意“所处地区人们感染新冠的可能性大”;79.4%的人非常同意“国家或自己所在地区采取严格措施,能够有效阻断疫情”;18.5%的人非常同意“所在小区有人被确诊,我会非常恐慌”。儿童母亲、来自郊区、教育水平低、职业为企业及公司职员或其他、父母未共同与孩子居住、小学生家长、新冠相关知识水平较低者的感知风险更高。多因素分析结果显示,儿童母亲、高中/中专及以下学历、非医务人员家长风险感知高的可能性更高,未正确知晓新冠相关知识者风险感知高和较高的可能性是正确知晓者的1.33倍和1.24倍。结论开展科普宣传、提升儿童家长新冠知识水平有助于降低其对于疫情的风险感知水平。

Objective To understand the risk perception of novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19)among parents of children in Beijing during the period of regular epidemic prevention and control of this disease,and to analyze the related influencing factors.Methods In November 2021,the parents of children from 36 kindergartens and 18 primary schools in 9 districts of Beijing were investigated on-line by a self-designed questionnaire through questionnaire-star application.The main contents of the survey were basic information,risk perception of COVID-19,and knowledge of prevention and control of this disease and ways of acquiring it.Chi-square test was used for ratio comparision,and Logistic regression was used for influencing factors’analysis,with the test levelα=0.05.Results A total of 7746 questionnaires were collected,of which 7495 were valid.The average score of parents'knowledge of COVID-19 prevention and control was(5.97±1.34).And the average score of COVID-19 risk perception was(14.32±2.14).A total of 3.1%of the respondents strongly agreed that“they were highly likely to be infected with COVID-19”;40.9%of the parents strongly agreed that“people in the area are more likely to be infected with COVID-19”;79.4%strongly agreed that“strict measures taken by the country or their own region can effectively stop the epidemic”;and 18.5%strongly agreed with the statement“IF someone in my community is diagnosed,I will be very frightened.”The perceived risk was higher among mothers of children,those from suburban areas,parents with lower education level,employees of enterprises/companies/others,parents who did not live together with their children,parents of primary school students,and those with poorer knowledge of COVID-19 prevention and control.Multivariate analysis showed that mothers of children,parents with high school/technical secondary or lower education level,and non-medical personnel were more likely to have higher risk perception.Those with incorrect knowledge of COVID-19 were 1.33 times and 1.24 times more likely to have high-level and higher-level risk perception than those with correct knowledge,respectively.Conclusions Carrying out propaganda and raising parents’knowledge of COVID-19 prevention and control can help to reduce their risk perception of the epidemic.