以科研能力培养为导向的大学物理课堂设计--以“相对运动”的教学设计为例

University Physics Classroom Design Guided by theCultivation of Scientific Research Ability--Taking the Instructional Design of“Relative Motion”as an Example

以“相对运动”教学设计为例,阐述如何通过调动学生的归纳思维、形象思维和发散思维来构建有深度、有广度且有趣味性的优质物理课堂,有效衔接学生从中学物理向大学物理的过渡,从而实现学生科学素养和科研能力的提高.教学实践表明,利用“相对运动”的概念来解释弹弓效应是一个绝佳的思维训练选题,不仅对高中和大学普通物理的衔接教学起到很好的参考作用,经深化和拓展以后还可以用于解释冲浪中的加速机制、光和声波的多普勒效应、磁力弹弓、宇宙射线的加速机制等等.

Taking the teaching design of“relative motion”as an example,this paper expounds how to construct a deep,broad and interesting high-quality classroom teaching of physics by effectively mobilizing students′inductive thinking,image thinking and divergent thinking,so as to improve students′scientific literacy.Teaching practice shows that using the concept of“relative motion”to explain slingshot effect is an excellent topic for thinking training,which is not only a good reference for conventional problems in high school and college general physics teaching,it can also be used to explain the acceleration mechanism in surfing,the Doppler effect of light and sound waves,the acceleration mechanism of magnetic slingshot,cosmic rays and so on after deepening and expansion.