基于问卷调查的公众对控烟法规执行情况满意度研究--以天津市为例

Investigation on public satisfaction with the enforcement of tobacco control regulations based on questionnaire survey——a case study of Tianjin

目的分析研究天津市居民对《天津市控制吸烟条例》(后简称《条例》)执行情况满意度及其影响因素。方法在2020年11~12月以天津市16个区为研究现场,每区随机抽取1个街道,在街道现场采用偶遇抽样的方式,对天津市4160名常住居民进行问卷调查;单因素分析采用χ^(2)检验,采用多因素logistic回归模型分析调整混杂,得出天津市居民对《条例》执行情况满意度及其影响因素。结果回收调查问卷4022份,纳入研究2730份。2020年天津市居民对《条例》执行情况满意度为89.30%。与15~24岁年龄组居民相比,其他年龄组居民对《条例》执行情况满意度较低;相对于学历为小学及以下的居民,学历为高中或本科或与其同等学力的居民对《条例》执行情况满意度较低。此外,患有慢性病(OR=1.885,P<0.01)和最近30 d有暴露于二手烟经历(OR=1.903,P<0.01)的居民对《条例》执行情况的满意度较低,而支持《条例》(OR=0.511,P<0.01)与最近30 d接触过控烟公益广告(OR=0.043,P<0.01)的居民对《条例》执行情况的满意度较高。结论天津市居民对《条例》的执行情况满意度较高;年龄、学历、是否支持控烟法规、是否患有慢性病、最近30d是否有暴露二手烟经历和最近30d是否接触过控烟公益广告是控烟法规执行情况满意度的主要影响因素。

Objective To analyze the residents′satisfaction with the enforcement of The Regulations of Tianjin Municipality on Smoking Control in Public Places(hereinafter referred to as The Regulations)and its influencing factors.Methods From November to December 2020,16 districts of Tianjin were selected as the research site,and one street was randomly selected from each district.The accidental sampling was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 4160 permanent residents in Tianjin.χ^(2) test was used in univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze and adjust the confounding factors.The public satisfaction and its influencing factors were analyzed.Results A total of 4022 questionnaires were collected and 2730 were included in the study.In 2020,89.30 percent of Tianjin residents were satisfied with the enforcement of the Regulations.Compared with residents aged 15-24,residents in other age groups were less satisfied with the enforcement of the Regulations.Compared with residents with primary school education or below,residents with high school education or bachelor′s degree or the same educational level were less satisfied with the enforcement of the Regulations.Residents with chronic diseases(OR=1.885,P<0.01)and exposure to second-hand smoke in the last 30 days(OR=1.903,P<0.01)were less satisfied with the enforcement of the Regulations,while those who supported the Regulations(OR=0.511,P<0.01)and residents who had been exposed to public service advertisements on tobacco control in the last 30 days(OR=0.043,P<0.01)were more satisfied with the enforcement of the Regulations.Conclusion The residents of Tianjin are highly satisfied with the enforcement of the Regulations.Age,education background,support for the Regulations,chronic disease,exposure to secondhand smoke in the last 30 days and exposure to public service advertisements in the last 30 days are the main influencing factors of satisfaction with the enforcement of tobacco control regulations.