2011—2020年重庆市涪陵区登记肺结核患者流行特征分析

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of registered pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Fuling District of Chongqing from 2011 to 2020

目的了解2011—2020年重庆市涪陵区结核病专病系统登记的肺结核患者流行特征,为完善肺结核病的防控策略提供参考依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统中的监测报告管理模块导出2011—2020年重庆市涪陵区登记的普通肺结核患者资料,采用描述性流行病学方法分析患者的三间分布特征,采用卡方检验比较不同年度以及不同人群特征的肺结核患者登记率差异,检验水准α=0.05。结果2011—2020年重庆市涪陵区累计登记活动性肺结核9264例,年均登记率82.45/10万,年递降率6.22%,10年间登记肺结核患者总体呈下降趋势;病原学阳性肺结核患者登记数和登记率则呈先下降再上升的变化趋势。各年度肺结核登记月份分布并无明显规律,累计登记数最多为3月;各街镇均有病例分布,主要集中在涪陵主城街道,排在前5位的是荔枝街道、崇义街道、敦仁街道、马鞍街道和江东街道;男性登记率高于女性;排在前3位的职业分别是农民、家政家务及待业、学生;排前3位的年龄组依次为45~54岁组(19.95%)、15~24岁组(19.04%)、35~44岁组(16.36%),合计占累计登记患者数的55.35%。结论2011—2020年重庆市涪陵区肺结核患者登记数和登记率均呈下降趋势,应重点关注病例数较多的地区和人群。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB)patients registered in the Tuberculosis Information Management System(TBMIS)in Fuling District from 2011 to 2020,and to provide reference basis for improving the prevention and control strategy.Methods The descriptive analysis was performed on the data of common PTB patients registered in Fuling District of Chongqing from 2011 to 2020,which was extracted from the Monitoring Report Management Module of China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention.Registration rates among different years and populations were compared by chi-square test,andα=0.05 was the test level.Results A total of 9264 cases of active PTB patients were registered in Fuling District from 2011 to 2020.The average annual registration rate was 82.45/105,and the annual decline rate was 6.22%.The number of registered tuberculosis patients showed a downward trend during the 10 years.The number and the registration rate of PTB patients with positive pathogenic test results showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing.There was no significant difference in the number of tuberculosis patients registered in each month.The cases were mainly concentrated in March.Cases were distributed in all streets and townships,and mainly concentrated in central urban areas of Fuling Distirct.The top five streets were Lizhi Street,Chongyi Street,Dunren Street,Ma’an Street and Jiangdong Street.The PTB registration rate was higher in males than that in females.The top three occupations were farmers,domestic helpers and unemployed,and students.The top three age groups were 45-54 years old group(19.95%),15-24years old group(19.04%)and 35-44 years old group(16.36%),accounting for 55.35%of the total registered PTB patients.Conclusions The registration number and the registration rate of PTB patients in Fuling District showed a downward trend from 2011 to 2020.Priority should be given to areas and populations with high numbers of PTB cases.