2019年重庆市两区HIV/AIDS患者死亡原因调查

Death causes of HIV/AIDS patients in two districts of Chongqing in 2019

目的探索重庆市巴南区和璧山区HIV/AIDS患者死亡情况及相关原因,以改进艾滋病防治措施,降低死亡率。方法采用回顾性调查的方法,收集2019年重庆市巴南区和璧山区报告的HIV/AIDS死亡病例,分析其人口学特征、死因构成及抗病毒治疗等情况。采用SPSS 20.0进行数据分析,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果192例HIV/AIDS死亡病例中,男性占85.4%,平均年龄为(60.7±15.4)岁,生前发生过高危性行为的占94.8%;患者生前CD4~+T淋巴细胞检测率为64.1%,最后一次检测结果低于200个/μl的占38.2%;死于艾滋病相关疾病的占35.4%,以机会性感染为主;患者生前抗病毒治疗率为54.7%,生前接受抗病毒治疗者与未接受治疗者生存时间差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=13.76,P=0.003)。结论重庆市HIV/AIDS死亡病例CD4+T淋巴细胞检测率及抗病毒治疗率低,应制定有效措施促进检测和治疗,提高HIV/AIDS生存率。

Objective To explore the causes of death among HIV/AIDS patients in Banan District and Bishan District in Chongqing,so as to take measures for reducing the mortality.Methods A retrospective investigation was performed on the demographic characteristics,the causes of death and antiviral therapy among 192 death cases.The collected data was analyzed by using SPSS 20.0 software,and the difference was significant with P<0.05.Results Among the 192 cases,85.4%were males,and the average age was(60.7±15.4)years old,and 94.8%had high-risk sexual behaviors.Among these cases,only 64.1%conducted CD4T lymphocytes testing,and the number of CD4T lymphocytes under 200 cells/μl accounted for 38.2%.Notably,35.4%of deaths were relevant to HIV/AIDS,and most of them were opportunistic infection.54.7%of the cases received antiviral treatment,and there was significant difference of survival time between those receiving antiviral treatment and those not receiving antiviral treatment(χ^(2)=13.76,P=0.003).Conclusions The detection rate of CD4T lymphocyte and the rate of antiviral treatment of HIV/AIDS death cases were lower in Chongqing.Effective measures should be taken to promote the detection and treatment of HIV/AIDS,so as to improve the survival rate of HIV/AIDS.