西藏典型冬青稞各器官生物量的变化特征及分配规律

Biomass Variation Characteristics and Distribution Rules in Organs of Typical Tibetan Winter Barley

该研究于2020年测定了西藏典型冬青稞“冬青18”不同物候期地上及其各个器官的生物量,文章分析了单株生物量的变化特征及规律,探讨了生物量分配策略。结果发现:(1)“冬青18”地上及各个器官的生物量随分蘖期、拔节期、孕穗期和灌浆期的更替显著升高,到灌浆期生物量达到最大值,鲜重为160.74 g,其中,叶片为31.34 g,茎为101.56 g,穗为27.84 g。(2)“冬青18”在不同物候期地上生物量分配模式及策略并不相同,在分蘖期超过75%的地上生物量分配至叶片,进入拔节期后,更多的干物质分配到茎,随着青稞进入生殖生长阶段,分配至穗的生物量开始升高,而叶和茎的比重持续减少。“冬青18”的生物量分配策略体现了不同物候期青稞对资源的需求及竞争能力。

The crop biomass is the basis for yield formation.Studying on changing characteristics and distribution rules of crop biomass is useful for evaluating farmland productivity and improving crop yield.In this paper,the aboveground and its organs biomass of typical Tibetan winter barley,called“Winter Barley 18”,was measured at different phenological periods in year 2020.The variation characteristics and rules of biomass in individual plant were analyzed to discuss the biomass allocation strategy of“Winter Barley 18”aboveground organs.The biomass of the aboveground and various organs increased significantly with shifting of different developmental stages,such as tillering stage,jointing stage,booting stage and filling stage.The maximum value of biomass reached at filling stage with fresh weight of 160.74 g including 31.34 g of leaf,101.56 g of stem and 27.84 g of spike fresh weight.The allocation mode and strategy of aboveground biomass are not the same at different phenological periods.More than 75% of the biomass allocated to leaves at the tillering stage and dry matter allocated more to the stem after entering to jointing stage.The biomass allocated to spike began to rise as highland barley entering into reproductive growth stage and the biomass proportion in leaves and stems reduce continuously.Th biomass allocation strategy of“Winter Barley 18”reflects the demanding and competitiveness for resources of highland barley at the different phenological periods.