透析龄>5年的维持性血液透析患者自体动静脉内瘘自我管理能力分析

Analysis of Self-Management Ability of Autologous Arteriovenous Fistula in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients with Dialysis Age > 5 Years

目的:了解透析龄>5年的维持性血液透析(MHD)患者自体动静脉内瘘(AVF)自我管理能力的现状,探究其影响因素。方法:采用方便抽样法选取2021年9-11月广东省潮州市人民医院收治的187例透析龄>5年的MHD患者作为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、MHD患者AVF自我管理能力量表、自我效能量表进行问卷调查,分析其自我管理能力现状及影响因素。结果:187名MHD患者AVF自我管理总分为(61.80±6.57)分,整体处于中下水平;MHD患者自我效能与AVF自我管理能力呈正相关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);婚姻状况、AVF手术史、疾病管理自我效能是MHD患者AVF自我管理能力的影响因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:AVF是MHD患者的生命线,需要家庭成员、医护人员和患者自身三方共同合作,提高患者AVF自我管理能力,才能有效延长AVF的使用寿命。

Objective: To understand the status of self-management ability of autologous arteriovenous fistula(AVF) in maintenance hemodialysis(MHD) patients with dialysis age > 5 years, and explore its influencing factors. Methods: By using convenient sampling method, 187 MHD patients with dialysis age over 5 years were selected from Chaozhou People’s Hospital of Guangdong Province between September 2021 and November 2021, as the study subjects. Questionnaire surveys were conducted using general information questionnaire, MHD patients’ AVF self-management ability scale and self-efficacy scale. The current status and influencing factors of their self-management ability were analyzed. Results: The total score of AVF self-management of 187 MHD patients was(61.80±6.57) points, which was generally in the middle and lower level;the self-efficacy of MHD patients was positively correlated with AVF self-management ability, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);Marital status, AVF surgery history, and disease management self-efficacy were the influencing factors of AVF self-management ability of MHD patients, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion: AVF is the lifeline of MHD patients. It needs the cooperation of family members, medical staff and patients to improve the self-management ability of AVF, so as to effectively prolong the service life of AVF.