影响异物巨细胞形成的介导因素研究进展

Research progress of mediating factors affecting the formation of foreign body giant cell

异物巨细胞(Foreign body giant cell,FBGC)是生物医学材料植入体内后形成的一种突出细胞类型,由巨噬细胞融合而成,是持续微生物感染或不可吞噬异物引发的慢性炎症中标志性组织学特征。FBGC与植入的生物材料的降解和失效有关,是异物反应的关键细胞,控制FBGC形成被认为是防止植入失败的关键,因此FBGC一直是相关研究的热点。虽然促进巨噬细胞黏附发育和支持FBGC形成的分子机制尚未阐明,但也发现了很多影响其形成的介导因素。本文从FBGC的形成过程、结构功能、影响形成因素三个方面,对国内外相关文献进行总结归纳,有助于进一步了解异物巨细胞形成的机制,并为寻找其他可能的介导因素提供启示。

Foreign body giant cell(Foreign body giant cell,FBGC)is a prominent cell type formed after the implantation of biomedical materials.It is formed by the fusion of macrophages.It is a hallmark histological feature in chronic inflammation caused by persistent microbial infection or non-phagocytosis of foreign bodies.FBGC is related to the degradation and failure of implanted biomaterials,and is the key cell of foreign body reaction.Controlling the formation of FBGC is considered the key to preventing implantation failure.Therefore,FBGC has always been a research hotspot.Although the molecular mechanism that promotes the adhesion and development of macrophages and supports the formation of FBGC has not yet been elucidated,many mediating factors affecting its formation have also been discovered.In this paper,the relevant domestic and foreign literatures from the three aspects of FBGC formation process,structure and function,and influencing factors were summarized to further understand the mechanism of foreign body giant cell formation and provide enlightenment for finding other possible mediating factors.