榆林市高新区学龄儿童体格发育状况

Physical growth and development of school-age children in Yulin High-tech Zone

目的分析榆林市高新区儿童体格发育状况,为促进榆林市儿童健康成长提供科学依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方法,抽取高新区4所小学在校学生,共3180人。检测身高、体重、坐高、胸围、腰围、视力等身体发育指标,由医务人员一对一严格按照规范进行测量。结果榆林市高新区6~12岁儿童的身体发育各项指标随着年龄的增大而增加,各个年龄段男童、女童的身高和体重,均高于2005年制定的全国同龄儿童标准(均为P<0.05);6~12岁男童身高平均值范围为125~156 cm,女童身高平均值范围为123~156 cm,10岁之前,各年龄段男童均高于女童(均为P<0.05);各个年龄段男童坐高个体差异较大,女童分布比较集中,在10岁之前,各年龄段男童身高均高于女童(均为P<0.05);6~12岁男童体重平均值范围为26.53~50.30 kg,女童体重平均值范围为24.65~48.02 kg,12岁之前,各年龄段男童高于女童(均为P<0.05),男童的超重和肥胖率为19.53%,高于女生的15.40%,表现在9~、10~岁;各个年龄段男童胸围分布比较分散,女童较男童集中,在12岁之前,各年龄段男童均高于女童(均为P<0.05);各个年龄段男童的腰围分布较分散,女童分布较集中,各年龄段男童均高于女童(均为P<0.05)。结论榆林市高新区儿童的各种生长发育指标随年龄的增大而增加,符合儿童生长发育规律,但超重和肥胖率较高,应引起相关部门的重视。

Objective To analyze the physical development of children in the High-tech Zone of Yulin City,and to provide basis for children’s healthy growth in Yulin City.Methods Random cluster sampling was used to extract 3180 students from 4 primary schools of High-tech Zone.Physical development indicators such as height,weight,sitting height,chest circumference,waist circumference,and vision were detected by one-on-one in strict accordance with standard methods.Results The physical development indicators of children aged 6 to 12 in Yulin High-tech Zone increase with age.The height and weight of boys and girls of all ages are higher than the national standards for children of the same age in 2005(both are P<0.05).The average height of boys aged 6 to 12 was 125 cm to 156 cm,and the average height of girls was 123 cm to 156 cm.Before the age of 10,boys at all ages were higher than girls(all P<0.05).There were large individual differences in the sitting height of boys of different age groups,and the distribution of girls was relatively concentrated.Before the age of 10,boys of all ages were higher than girls(all P<0.05).The average weight of boys aged 6~12 ranged from 26.53 kg to 50.30 kg,and the average weight of girls ranged from 24.65 kg to 48.02 kg.Before the age of 12,boys at all ages were higher than girls(all P<0.05).The overweight and obesity rate of children was 19.53%,higher than that of girls,which was 15.40%,and was manifested in 9-and 10-year-olds;the distribution of chest circumferences in boys of all ages was relatively scattered,and girls were more concentrated than boys.Before the age of 12,all ages Boys were higher than girls(all P<0.05).The distribution of waist circumferences of boys in each age group was scattered,while the distribution of girls was more concentrated.Boys of all ages were higher than girls(all P<0.05).Conclusion Various growth and development indicators of children in Yulin High-tech Zone increase with age,which is in line with the law of children’s growth and development,but the overweight and obesity rate of children is relatively high,which should attract the attention of relevant departments.