大肠息肉和胃息肉的临床特点及病理特征回顾性分析

A retrospective analysis of the clinical and pathological features of colorectal polyps and gastric polyps

目的分析绍兴市人民医院大肠息肉、胃息肉以及胃息肉合并大肠息肉患者的临床和病理特征。方法回顾性分析2017年6—11月在绍兴市人民医院行内镜检查发现的1001例大肠息肉与1219例胃息肉患者的临床、病理特征以及胃息肉合并大肠息肉患者的临床、病理特征。比较不同年龄段、不同性别大肠息肉和胃息肉的检出率、息肉的部位、数目、大小及病理类型等。结果大肠息肉检出率(14.35%)高于胃息肉(8.15%,χ^(2)=200.568,P<0.001);2种息肉的检出率均随着年龄增加呈递增趋势(均P<0.001)。胃息肉检出率女性高于男性(P<0.001),而大肠息肉男性高于女性(P<0.001)。单发大肠息肉(91.71%)较单发胃息肉(73.17%)多见(χ^(2)=232.500,P<0.001);≥1.0 cm的大肠息肉(18.58%)较胃息肉(5.50%)多见(χ^(2)=93.200,P<0.001)。在炎性息肉、腺瘤性息肉的检出率二者差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001);胃息肉癌变率较大肠息肉低(P<0.001)。胃息肉患者大肠息肉检出率显著高于普通人群(33.43%vs.14.35%,P<0.001),以多部位、多发以及较少癌变为特征。结论胃息肉与大肠息肉,以及胃息肉合并大肠息肉与普通人群具有不同的临床和病理特征,为临床诊断和治疗提供参考。

Objective To analyse the clinical and pathological features of colorectal polyps,gastric polyps and gastric polyps combined with colorectal polyps in Shaoxing People’s Hospital.Methods The clinical and pathological features of 1001 cases of colorectal polyps and 1219 cases of gastric polyps found by endoscopy in Shaoxing People’s Hospital from June 2017 to November 2017,as well as the clinical and pathological features of gastric polyps combined with colorectal polyps were retrospectively analysed.The detection rate,location,the number and pathological types of colorectal and gastric polyps in different age groups and genders were compared.Results The detection rate for colorectal polyps(14.35%)was higher than that for gastric polyps(8.15%,χ^(2)=200.568,P<0.001).The detection rate for both polyps increased with age(P<0.001).The detection rate for gastric polyps in women was higher than that in men,whereas the detection rate for colorectal polyps was higher in men than in women(P<0.001).Single colorectal polyps(91.71%)were more common than single gastric polyps(73.17%,χ^(2)=232.500,P<0.001),and colorectal polyps≥1.0 cm(18.58%)were more common than gastric polyps(5.50%,χ^(2)=93.200,P<0.001).The detection rates for inflammatory and adenomatous polyps were statistically significant(P<0.001).The canceration rate of gastric polyps was lower than that of colorectal polyps(P<0.001).The detection rate of colorectal polyps in patients with gastric polyps was higher than that of the general population(33.43%vs.14.35%,P<0.001),and characterised by multiple sites,multiple lesions and less canceration.Conclusion Gastric polyps,colorectal polyps and gastric polyps combined with colorectal polyps have different clinical and pathological features from the general population,which provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.