多重距离对中国对外直接投资区位选择的联合影响效应研究

The Joint Influence of Multi-dimensional Distances on the Location Choice of China’s Outward Foreign Direct Investment

通过选取81个中国OFDI主要国家(地区)作为研究对象,基于多维距离框架,运用模糊集定性比较分析法(fsQCA),以组态视角探索多维距离下中国OFDI区位选择问题。研究表明:文化距离、制度距离、地理距离和经济距离均不是中国OFDI区位选择高偏好组态的必要性条件。多维距离视角下中国OFDI区位选择的高偏好组态有4条,呈现出“殊途同归”的特点,具体归纳为距离逃逸型,异质距离偏好型与高经济距离和低文化距离引领型。多维距离视角下中国OFDI区位选择的高偏好组态稳定性较强,新冠肺炎疫情前后未发生明显变化。不同组态下各距离因素对中国OFDI区位选择的影响存在差异,且特定市场情境下部分距离因素之间存在潜在替代效应。

By selecting 81 major OFDI countries(regions) for China as the research objects, based multi-dimensional distance framework,this paper uses the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA) to explore the influence of multi-dimensional distances on the location selection of China’s OFDI from the perspective of configuration. The research shows that cultural distance, institutional distance,geographical distance and economic distance are not the necessary conditions for China’s OFDI to choose a high preference configuration.From the perspective of multi-dimensional distances, there are four high preference configurations of China’s OFDI location selection,leading to the same destination, specifically summarized as distance escape type, heterogeneous distance preference type, high economic distance type and low cultural distance leading type. From this perspective, the high preference configuration of China’s OFDI location selection is relatively stable, and there is no significant change before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Different distance factors have different impacts on China’s OFDI location choice under different configurations, and there are potential substitution effects among some distance factors under specific market scenarios.