中国特色社会主义科技伦理政策演进研究——基于政策文本的量化考察

Study on the evolution of science and technology ethics policy of socialism with Chinese characteristics: A quantitative investigation based on policy texts

随着中国科技高速发展,科技伦理政策问题日益影响国家利益、国家安全和经济社会的可持续发展,中国科技伦理政策演进研究具有重要意义。运用政策工具和社会网络分析对改革开放以来中央政府71份科技伦理政策进行政策文献的量化研究,可以得出:中国科技伦理政策演进可划分为“萌芽、探索、深化”3个时期;我国科技伦理政策工具结构趋于优化,以权威工具为强制保障,以系统变革工具激发活力,以能力建设工具为长效建设;科技伦理治理制度体系化初显,政策主题多样、政策主体多元和政策分布广泛,体现了治理深度和广度延展。在党的领导下,对中国特色社会主义科技伦理制度进行探索是必由之路,集中优化治理架构与制度,小步慢跑将是新常态。

With the rapid development of science and technology in China, the issue of science and technology ethics policy is increasingly affecting the national interests, national security and the sustainable development of economy and society, so it is of great significance to study the evolution of science and technology ethics policy in China. By using policy tools and social network analysis, this paper makes a quantitative research on 71 policies of ethics in science and technology of the central government since the reform and opening up. It can be concluded that the evolution of ethics in science and technology in China can be divided into three periods: “germination, exploration and deepening”. The structure of our science and technology ethics policy tools tends to be optimized, with authority tool as compulsory guarantee, system reform tool as a stimulus, and capacity building tool as a long-term construction;The system of science and technology ethical governance has become systematized, with diversified policy themes, diversified policy subjects and extensive policy distribution, which reflects the depth and breadth of governance. Under the leadership of the Party, it is the only way to explore the socialist system of science and technology ethics with Chinese characteristics, concentrate on optimizing the governance structure and system, and “jogging in small steps” will be the new normal.