早生优质高产绿茶茶树新品种‘湘茶研1号’选育研究

Breeding of a Novel Tea Cultivar Xiangchayan 1 with Early Bud Breaking,High Quality and High Yield Traits

‘湘茶研1号’系采用系统选育法从安化群体品种天然杂交后代的实生苗中分离选育出的茶树新品种。品比试验结果表明:‘湘茶研1号’属灌木型、中叶类、早生种。叶片呈长椭圆形,叶色深绿;芽叶黄绿色,茸毛较多,持嫩性强,一芽一叶期与早生茶树良种‘福鼎大白茶’相当。春季平均水浸出物41.45%±2.96%、茶多酚25.40%±4.35%、氨基酸4.10%±0.83%、酚氨比6.20。制烘青绿茶翠绿多毫,条索紧细,香气高长,汤色黄绿明亮,滋味鲜醇爽,叶底黄绿嫩。品比试验4年(树龄4~7龄)平均年产鲜叶1001.45 kg/667 m^(2),比对照‘福鼎大白茶’高63.99%。抗寒、抗旱、抗病虫性均较强。

Xiangchayan 1,a new tea cultivar,was isolated and bred from the seedlings of natural hybrid progenies of Anhua population varieties by systematic selection.The results showed that Xiangchayan 1,belonged to shrub type,middle leaf type and early growing species.The leaves are long oval and dark green with yellow green bud leaves and more hairs and strong tenderness.The stage of one bud and one leaf is equivalent to that of’Fuding Dabai Tea’,an early growing tea tree.The average water extract in spring was 41.45%±2.96%,tea polyphenols 25.40%±4.35%,amino acids 4.10%±0.83%,and phenol ammonia ratio 6.20.Green tea is green with many hairs,tight and thin strands,high and long aroma,bright yellow green soup,fresh and mellow taste,and yellow green tender leaf bottom.The average annual yield of fresh leaves in the four years(4-7 years old)of the product comparison test was 1001.45 kg/667 m^(2),63.99%higher than that of the control Fuding Dabai Tea.Cold resistance,drought resistance,disease and insect resistance are strong.