甘肃古浪县黄灌区枸杞引种栽培综合分析

Comprehensive analysis of introduction and cultivation of Lycium barbarum in Yellow River irrigation area to Gulang county of Gansu province

【目的】筛选出在甘肃古浪县黄灌区最适推广和更新的优良品种,为甘肃古浪县黄灌区引种栽培枸杞的辐射推广提供参考。【方法】选择在甘肃古浪县黄灌区引种栽培后适应性优良的5个枸杞品种作为研究对象,包括宁杞1号、宁杞5号、宁杞7号、宁杞9号和蒙杞1号,观测鲜果横径、鲜果纵径、鲜果果形指数、干果横径、干果纵径、干果果形指数、鲜果百粒质量、干果百粒质量、鲜果产果量、干果产果量、干鲜比、果实可溶性固形物含量、鲜果耐贮藏性、人工投入量、抗病虫害能力、成熟期、果实风味等17项指标,并采用相关分析法和主成分分析法进行综合评价。【结果】5个品种枸杞各项指标的变异系数为4.25%~45.40%,相关性较为复杂。采用主成分分析法,将5个品种枸杞的17项指标简化提取了3个主成分,第1主成分的方差贡献率为58.61%,第2主成分的方差贡献率为22.52%,第3主成分的方差贡献率为13.31%,累计方差贡献率为94.43%(≥85%)。建立了5个品种枸杞的综合评价模型,得出各品种枸杞的综合表现由优到劣依次为蒙杞1号、宁杞9号、宁杞5号、宁杞7号、宁杞1号。【结论】在5个枸杞品种中,蒙杞1号可作为最优品种在甘肃古浪黄灌区进行推广,宁杞9号可作为次优品种在该地区进行推广。

【Objective】In order to screen out the most suitable varieties for promotion and renewal in the Yellow River irrigation area of Gulang county,Gansu province,and provide a reference for the radiation promotion of the introduction and cultivation of Lycium barbarum in Yellow River irrigation area,Gulang country,Gansu province.【Method】Five well-adapted L.barbarum varieties after introduction and cultivation,were selected as the research objects,including Ningqi-1,Ningqi-5,Ningqi-7,Ningqi-9 and Mengqi-1.A total of 17 indexes including fresh fruit horizontal diameter,fresh fruit vertical diameter,fresh fruit shape index,dry fruit horizontal diameter,dry fruit vertical diameter,dry fruit shape index,hundred grain mass of fresh fruit and dry fruit,fresh fruit yield,dry fruit yield,dry-fresh ratio,soluble solids,fresh fruit storage resistance,labor input,pest resistance,maturity and fruit flavor were observed and comprehensively evaluated by correlation analysis and principal component analysis.【Result】The coefficients of variation for all above traits ranged 4.25%-45.40%for the five L.barbarum varieties.Three principal components were extracted from 17 indexes by principal component analysis,the variance contribution rate of the three components were 58.61%,22.52%and 13.31%,respectively,and their cumulative variance contribution rate reached 94.43%(≥85%).Mengqi-1 performed the best and then followed by Ningqi-9,Ningqi-5,Ningqi-7 and Ningqi-1 in turn.【Conclusion】Mengqi-1 can be thus widely promoted as the optimal variety and Ningqi-9 can be used as the sub-optimal.