快速伸缩复合训练在高校铅球训练中的应用研究

Research on the Application Study of Plyometrics in College Shot Training

目的:通过快速伸缩复合训练与传统训练方法的对比,探究快速伸缩复合训练对学生铅球训练的实际效果,拓宽学生铅球训练的方式。方法:选取80名普通本科学生进行实验,实验组和对照组均由19名女生和21名男生组成,并且年龄均在21周岁左右,其中对照组的40人按照传统训练方法进行训练,实验组则按照快速伸缩复合训练进行训练,干预周期为9周。结果表明:铅球的滑步动作、过渡动作、最后用力、维持身体平衡4项指标具有非常显著性差异(P<0.01)。实验前后原地推4kg铅球、滑步推4kg铅球、后抛4kg铅球3项指标的成绩具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。对照组的铅球成绩为47.52±2.12分,采用传统方式训练之后的成绩为55.22±1.22分,经过t检验发现,训练前后成绩具有非常显著性差异(P<0.01),实验组训练前的成绩为47.65±3.23分,采用快速伸缩复合训练法训练之后的成绩为62.65±3.23分,经过t检验发现,训练前后成绩具有非常显著性差异(P<0.01)P<0.01。结论:不管是传统训练,还是快速伸缩复合训练,学生的铅球成绩均有提高,就提高的幅度而言,快速伸缩复合训练的提升幅度更显著,并且比传统训练效果更佳。

Objective:To explore the practical effect of Plyometrics on students’shot training and broaden the way of students’shot training by comparing it with traditional training methods.Methods:80 ordinary undergraduate students were selected for the experiment.The experimental group and the control group were 19 female students and 21 male students,both of whom were about 21 years old.Among them,40 were trained according to the traditional training methods,while the experimental group was trained according to Plyometrics.The intervention period was 9 weeks.The results showed that there were significant differences in the four indexes of sliding step,transition,final exertion and maintaining body balance in shot put(P<0.01).Before and after the test,there was a significant difference in the results of the three indicators of 4kg shot put in situ,4kg shot put in sliding step,and 4kg shot put back(P<0.05).The shot put score of the traditional training group was 47.52±2.12 points,and the score after training was 55.22±1.22points.Through t test,it was found that P<0.01.The score before training of Plyometrics group was 47.65±3.23points,and after training it was 62.65±3.23 points.Through t test,it was found that P<0.01.Conclusion:No matter the traditional training or Plyometrics,the students’shot performance has been improved.As far as the extent of improvement is concerned,Plyometrics has a more significant extent of improvement,and the effect is better than the traditional training.