“没说的”的多功能性及其句法表现

The versatility of“meishuode”(没说的)and its syntactic behavior

“没说的”本是个具有多种语法关系的歧义短语,其中一种为动宾短语,表示“无话要说”,在现代汉语中,它发生了词汇化,成为口语中的常用习语,产生了多种意义,包括表示评价、表示程度和表示情态等不同的意义和功能,本文将描写“没说的”的多功能性,并探讨不同功能之间的源流关系,也涉及与之具有相同多功能性的“没的说、没话说、没话讲”等习语,并讨论有关习语的解释方式和教学意义。

“Meishuode”(没说的)is an ambiguous phrase with a multiple grammar relations,one of which is a verb-object phrase which means“nothing to say”.In modern Chinese,it has been lexicalized and become a common idiom,and it has produced a variety of meanings and functions,including expressing evaluation,expressing degree,expressing modality,etc.This paper describes the versatility of“meishuode”,and discusses the origin and development of different functions,as well as idioms with the same versatility such as“meideshuo”(没的说),“meihuashuo”(没话说),“meihuajiang”(没话讲),and further discusses the way of explaining idioms and their significance for Chinese teaching.