综合医院住培医师医患沟通能力调查及相关因素分析

Investigation on doctor-patient communication ability of resident physicians in general hospital and analysis of related factors

目的调查住培医师的医患沟通现状,分析医患沟通与同理心及交往焦虑之间的关系。方法选取陕西省人民医院2020年11月至2021年7月在院培训的278名住培医师为研究对象。采用医患沟通技能评价量表(SEGUE)、同理心量表(ES)及交往焦虑量表(IAS)进行调查。比较不同人口学特征住培医师的SEGUE、ES、IAS评分,分析SEGUE评分与ES、IAS评分的相关性。结果不同年龄住培医师的SEGUE、IAS评分比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同婚姻状况住培医师的IAS评分比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。本科学历住培医师的信息给予评分高于硕士,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。一年级住培医师的SEGUE总分及其各维度评分均低于二、三年级(P<0.01)。Pearson相关分析显示,住培医师的SEGUE总分及其各维度评分与ES评分呈正相关(P<0.01);SEGUE总分及准备阶段、信息给予、理解病人及结束问诊评分与IAS评分呈负相关(P<0.01)。结论住培医师医患沟通能力处于中等水平,且随规培时间延长,其沟通能力增强,医患沟通能力与同理心和交往焦虑有关,需要及时对低年级住培医师进行相关培训。

Objective To investigate the current situation of doctor-patient communication of resident physicians and analyze the relationship between doctor-patient communication and empathy and interaction anxiousness.Methods A total of 278 resident physicians trained in Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital from November 2020 to July 2021 were selected as the research objects.The Doctor-Patient Communication Skills Assessment Scale(SEGUE),Empathy Scale(ES)and Interaction Anxiousness Scale(IAS)were used for investigation.The SEGUE,ES and IAS scores of resident physicians with different demographic characteristics were compared,and the correlation between SEGUE score and ES and IAS scores was analyzed.Results There were statistically significant differences in the SEGUE and IAS scores of resident physicians of different ages(P<0.05);there were statistically significant differences in IAS score of resident physicians with different marital status(P<0.05).The score of information giving of resident physicians with bachelor degree was higher than that with master degree,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The total score and all dimensions scores of SEGUE in the first grade resident physicians were lower than those in the second and third grade(P<0.01).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the total score and all dimensions scores of SEGUE of resident physicians were positively correlated with ES score(P<0.01);the SEGUE score and the scores of preparation stage,information giving,understanding patients and end of interrogation were negatively correlated with IAS score(P<0.01).Conclusion The doctor-patient communication ability of resident physicians is at a medium level,and with the extension of the standardized training,their communication ability is enhanced.The doctor-patient communication ability is related to empathy and interaction anxiousness,so it is necessary to timely train the junior resident physicians.