某院2020—2021年细菌耐药监测及合理用药分析

Bacterial Resistance Monitoring and Rational Drug Use Analysis in a Hospital from 2020—2021

目的:分析我院2020—2021年临床分离菌的分布及细菌耐药情况,为临床科室合理使用抗菌药物提供参考。方法:对2020—2021年我院细菌监测情况及药敏结果进行回顾性分析。结果:4377株病原菌中革兰阳性菌1395株(31.9%),革兰阴性菌2982株(68.1%),以阴性菌检出为主;分离的细菌中排名前五为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、鲍曼不动杆菌,大肠埃希菌对左氧氟沙星、莫西沙星、头孢噻肟耐药率达50%以上,对美罗培南、亚胺培南耐药率低;肺炎克雷伯菌对大多数抗菌药物耐药率低于大肠埃希菌;铜绿假单胞菌对常见敏感药物耐药率大都在30%以下;鲍曼不动杆菌对大多数抗菌药物均耐药;金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素耐药率近100%,对替加环素、万古霉素无耐药。结论:我院检出的细菌以革兰阴性菌为主,对临床常用抗菌药物耐药率已达30%以上,其中鲍曼不动杆菌对大多数抗菌药物均耐药,应结合药敏结果合理使用抗菌药物以减慢细菌耐药的发生。

Objective:To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of clinical isolates in our hospital from 2020 to 2021,and to provide reference for rational use of antibiotics in clinical departments.Methods:The bacterial surveillance and drug sensitivity results in our hospital from 2020 to 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Among 4377 strains of pathogenic bacteria,1395 strains(31.9%)were positive bacteria and 2982 strains(68.1%)were negative bacteria.The top five isolated bacteria were Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Staphylococcus aureus,and Mobility baumannii.The resistance rate of E.coli to levofloxacin,moxifloxacin,and cefotaxime was more than 50%,and the resistance rate to metronidazole and imine was low;the resistance rate of K.pneumoniae to most antibacterial drugs was lower than that of E.coli.Most of the resistance rates of P.aeruginosa to common sensitive drugs were below 30%;P.baumannii was resistant to most antibacterial drugs;S.aureus was nearly 100%resistant to penicillin and not resistant to teicycline or vancomycin.Conclusion:The bacteria detected in our hospital are mainly negative bacteria,and the resistance rate to commonly used antibiotics in clinical practice has reached more than 30%.Baumannii is resistant to most antibiotics,and antibiotics should be used rationally in combination with drug sensitivity results to slow down the occurrence of drug resistance.