磺胺类抗生素的污染现状及检测方法研究

Research Progress on Pollution Status and Detection Methods of Sulfonamide Antibiotics

世界范围内抗生素每年的使用量已超过10万吨,抗生素滥用所造成的环境污染问题与食品安全问题日渐严重。特别是人畜共用的磺胺类抗生素在人体中长期积累可能造成肾功能损害,耐药性、致癌性和诱变性,危害性极大。因此,建立高效灵敏的磺胺类抗生素前处理与仪器分析方法,对于减少或消除基质干扰,提高检测灵敏度具有重要意义。主要综述了磺胺类抗生素在水体、土壤、沉积物、生物体和食品中的污染现状,以及不同基质样品中磺胺类抗生素的固相萃取等前处理方法和液相色谱法等检测技术,为磺胺类抗生素的检测与监管提供科学方法与依据。

The annual consumption of antibiotics in the world has exceeded 100000 tons.The environmental pollution and food safety problems caused by the abuse of antibiotics are becoming more and more serious.In particular,long-term accumulation of sulfanilamide antibiotics used by both human and livestock may cause damage to renal function,drug resistance,carcinogenicity and mutagenicity,and great harm.Therefore,it is of great significance to establish an efficient and sensitive method for pretreatment and instrumental analysis of sulfonamides antibiotics to reduce or eliminate matrix interference,and improve the detection sensitivity.In this paper,the pollution status of sulfanilamide antibiotics in water,soil,sediment,biology and food,as well as the sample pretreatment methods such as solid-phase extraction in different matrix and detection technology such as liquid chromatography were reviewed,which provided scientific method and basis for the detection and supervision of sulfonamide antibiotics.