独居老人主观幸福感影响因素分析——基于CGSS 2017年的数据

Analysis on the Influencing Factors of Subjective Well-being of the Elderly Living Alone:Based on CGSS data from 2017

在以人口老龄化为核心的人口结构性矛盾日益突出的背景下,独居老人由于其群体特殊性,他们的健康福祉和生活质量问题尤为值得学界关注。基于中国综合社会调查2017年数据对1016名独居老人的主观幸福感影响因素进行分析发现:家庭支持(家人情感支持和经济保障)、社会支持(社会阶层归属感、信任感及公平感)和政府部分制度支持(医疗保障制度)显著影响独居老人主观幸福感,政府的其他制度支持却无显著影响;此外,独居老人的主观幸福感也呈现出显著的性别、年龄、城乡和健康状况差异。基于此,相关部门应从政府、家庭和社会及个人层面入手来探索增进独居老人生活福祉的可行路径。

Under the background of increasingly prominent demographic structural contradictions centered on population aging,the health,well-being and quality of life of the elderly living alone deserve academic attention due to their group particularity.Based on the data of China General Social Survey in 2017,the influencing factors of subjective well-being of 1016 elderly people living alone are analyzed.It is found that:Family support(family emotional support and economic security),social support(sense of belonging to social class,sense of trust and sense of justice)and partial government institutional support(medical security system)significantly affect the subjective well-being of the elderly living alone,but other government institutional support has no significant impact.In addition,the subjective well-being of the elderly living alone also shows significant differences in gender,age,urban and rural areas and health status.Based on this,relevant departments should start from the government,family,society and individual levels to explore feasible ways to improve the well-being of the elderly living alone.