视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿的OCT影像指标研究进展

Research progress on optical coherence tomography imaging indicators of macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion

视网膜静脉阻塞(RVO)是仅次于糖尿病视网膜病变的第二大致盲性视网膜血管疾病,其并发症黄斑水肿(ME)是视力下降的重要原因。目前玻璃体腔注射抗血管内皮生长因子药物是RVO-ME的一线治疗方式,可改善视网膜形态,提高患者视力。光学相干断层扫描成像(OCT)能对视网膜结构进行清晰的成像,通过OCT所发现的一些特定的影像学特征成为评估RVO患者预后的生物标志物。对近年来发现的中央视网膜厚度、脉络膜厚度、视网膜内层结构紊乱、高反射点、外界膜及椭圆体带的完整性、黄斑体积、中界膜征、急性黄斑旁中心中层视网膜病变及高反射垂直线等生物标志物进行综述,为选择RVO的最佳治疗提供参考。

·Retinal vein occlusion(RVO)is the second most common cause of visual loss classified under retinal vascular disorders after diabetic retinopathy,and its complication,macular edema(ME),is the leading cause of vision loss.Currently,the first-line treatment for RVO-ME is the intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs,which can improve retinal morphology and patients’vision.Optical coherence tomography(OCT)can clearly image retinal structures,and some specific imaging features found by OCT have become biomarkers for evaluating the prognosis of RVO patients.The recent findings of biomarkers are reviewed,such as central retinal thickness,choroidal thickness,disorganization of retinal inner layers,hyperreflective foci,integrity of external limiting membrane and ellipsoid zone,central macular volume,prominent middle limiting membrane,paracentral acute middle maculopathy,highly reflective line,to provide references for selecting the best treatment for RVO.