环境障涂层选材研究进展

Research Progress on the Selection of Materials for Environmental Barrier Coating

随着航空发动机向着高效率、高推重比方向发展,传统镍基高温合金已经接近其服役温度极限,新型材料体系的引入刻不容缓。陶瓷基复合材料(Ceramic matrix composites,CMCs)以其重量轻、强度高、高温性质稳定等特性成为下一代航空发动机热端的理想备选材料。但在恶劣的服役环境下陶瓷基复合材料面临CMAS(CaO-MgO-Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2),CMAS)熔盐冲刷作用和高温水氧腐蚀的威胁,需要在其表面制备环境障涂层(Environmental Barrier Coating,EBC)来提高其抗腐蚀能力。以硅酸盐为面层的第三代EBC体系是目前研究的热点。本文在总结EBC涂层设计要求、简要介绍前两代EBC发展历程的基础上详细介绍第三代EBC体系的发展现状,并结合现有研究报道展望未来EBC的发展方向,为先进航空发动机的选材提供借鉴。

With the development of aero-engines towards high efficiency and high thrust-to-weight ratio,the traditional nickel-based high-temperature alloys are approaching their service temperature limit, and the introduction of new material systems is a matter of urgency. Ceramic matrix composites(CMCs), with their lightweight, high strength, and high-temperature stability, have become the ideal material for the hot end of nextgeneration aero engines. However, in the harsh service environment, ceramic matrix composites face the threat of CMAS molten salt scouring effect and high-temperature hydroxide corrosion and need to prepare Environmental Barrier Coating(EBC) on their surface to improve their corrosion resistance. The third-generation EBC system with silicate as the surface layer is a hot topic of research at present. This paper summarizes the EBC coating design requirements and briefy introduces the development history of the frst two generations of EBC based on a detailed introduction of the development status of the third-generation EBC system, and looks forward to the future development direction of EBC in conjunction with existing research reports to provide a reference for the selection of materials for advanced aero engines.