镁合金表面激光电弧复合熔覆5556铝合金工艺研究

Study on the Laser-electric Arc Cladding Behavior of 5566 Aluminum Alloy Layer on Magnesium Alloy

铝合金熔覆是轻量化镁合金表面涂层防护的重要方法。本研究使用AZ80A镁合金作为基材,使用5556铝合金作为熔覆合金,并使用激光电弧复合熔覆进行了铝合金熔覆层制备。对熔覆层组织进行了分析,重点研究了激光摆动对熔覆层品质的影响。结果表明,当激光无摆动时,熔覆层宽度有限,无法正常形成各道次熔覆层的有效搭接,且缺陷较多。在增加激光摆幅的情况下,激光加热能量会更均匀地在镁合金基材表面分散,有效增加了熔宽,提升了各道次熔覆层的搭接率,促进内部缺陷更少、品质更高的连续熔覆层的形成。

Cladding of aluminum alloys is an important approach for protection of magnesium alloys. In this study,AZ80A magnesium alloy was used as the substrate material while 5556 aluminum alloy as the cladding material.Laser-electric arc cladding technique was applied to prepare the aluminum cladding layers. The microstructure of the cladding layers was analyzed, especially by focusing on the infuence of the laser swing on the cladding layers quality. The results showed that the cladding width was small without laser swing, which caused limited connection of the cladding paths and higher amount of defects. When the laser swing was applied, the energy of the laser beam was absorbed by the magnesium substrate more uniformly. With the increase of the cladding layer width, the connection ratio of the cladding paths was improved, which promoted the formation of continuous cladding layers with less defects and higher quality.